WFGY/ProblemMap/GlobalFixMap/Retrieval/deltaS_probes.md

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ΔS Probes for Retrieval and Reasoning Stability

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Evaluation disclaimer (ΔS probes)
ΔS based probes are WFGY diagnostic tools for tension in retrieval behavior.
They highlight suspicious regions but do not by themselves prove that a system is correct or incorrect.


A compact playbook to measure semantic distance and catch failure modes before they surface in answers. Run these probes store-agnostic and model-agnostic. Use the readings to route fixes to the right WFGY pages.

What ΔS tells you

  • ΔS(question, retrieved) measures semantic tension between the user question and the assembled retrieval context.
  • ΔS(retrieved, anchor) measures how well the retrieved context aligns to the expected ground section.
  • Combined with λ_observe you can separate metric mismatches from prompt variance and ordering issues.

Targets and thresholds

  • Pass: ΔS(question, retrieved) < 0.40
  • Transitional: 0.40 ≤ ΔS < 0.60
  • Risk: ΔS ≥ 0.60
  • Coverage to target section ≥ 0.70
  • λ remains convergent across 3 paraphrases and 2 seeds

Reference playbooks:
Retrieval Playbook · Retrieval Traceability · Data Contracts


Probe pack you should always run

  1. Paraphrase sweep
    Ask the same question three ways. Record ΔS and λ for each.
    If λ flips on harmless paraphrases with small ΔS changes, clamp variance and lock prompt headers.
    Open: Context Drift

  2. Seed sweep
    Run with two random seeds and keep the retrieval order fixed.
    If answers flip with stable ΔS, add a deterministic reranker.
    Open: Rerankers

  3. k sweep
    Try k in {5, 10, 20}. If ΔS stays flat and high while coverage is low, suspect metric or index mismatch.
    Open: Embedding ≠ Semantic

  4. Anchor triangulation
    Compare ΔS against the correct section and one decoy section.
    If ΔS is close for both, realign chunking and anchors.
    Open: Chunking Checklist · chunk_alignment.md

  5. Hybrid split check
    If hybrid underperforms a single retriever, split parsing and rebalance.
    Open: pattern_query_parsing_split.md

  6. Fragmentation probe
    If ΔS looks fine on small tests but coverage collapses in production, check for store fragmentation or namespace skew.
    Open: pattern_vectorstore_fragmentation.md


Minimal implementation you can paste

# Pseudocode: model and store agnostic
def deltaS(a, b):
    # plug your semantic distance, normalized to [0,1]
    return metric.distance(a, b)

def probe_once(question, retrieved, anchor, seed=None):
    d_qr = deltaS(question, retrieved)
    d_ra = deltaS(retrieved, anchor) if anchor else None
    lam = observe_lambda(question, retrieved, seed=seed)  # convergent | divergent
    return {"ΔS_qr": d_qr, "ΔS_ra": d_ra, "λ_state": lam}

def run_probes(q, paraphrases, seeds, ks, anchor):
    logs = []
    for p in paraphrases:
        for k in ks:
            ctx = retriever.invoke(p, k=k)
            for s in seeds:
                logs.append(probe_once(p, ctx, anchor, seed=s))
    return logs

What to record

  • Question form, seed, k
  • ΔS(question, retrieved), ΔS(retrieved, anchor)
  • λ_state per run and final coverage
  • Retrieval order and analyzer/metric identifiers
  • Prompt header hash and template revision

Schema reference: Retrieval Traceability · Data Contracts


Reading the patterns

  • ΔS high across paraphrases and seeds Likely metric or family mismatch. Rebuild with a single embedding family and explicit normalization. Open: Embedding ≠ Semantic

  • ΔS improves with higher k but answers still flip Ordering variance. Add a deterministic reranker and freeze prompt headers. Open: Rerankers

  • ΔS low but citations unstable Schema not enforced or formatter renamed fields. Tighten contracts and fail fast. Open: Data Contracts

  • ΔS near equal to anchor and decoy Chunk boundaries misaligned or anchors missing. Re-chunk with anchors and rebuild. Open: Chunking Checklist · chunk_alignment.md

  • ΔS oscillates with paraphrase, λ flips Prompt variance and entropy. Clamp with BBAM, then stabilize chain layout. Open: Entropy Collapse


Verification loops


Common gotchas


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