diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 5d40f391a9..a9df0e52c9 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -365,6 +365,64 @@ jobs:
           name: 'coverage-reports-22.x-ubuntu-latest'
           path: 'packages/*/coverage'
 
+  web_shell_e2e_smoke:
+    name: 'web-shell E2E Smoke (ubuntu-latest, Node 22.x)'
+    needs:
+      - 'classify_pr'
+      - 'test'
+    if: |-
+      ${{
+        !cancelled() &&
+        github.event_name == 'pull_request' &&
+        needs.classify_pr.outputs.skip_ci != 'true' &&
+        needs.test.outputs.ci_profile == 'full'
+      }}
+    runs-on: 'ubuntu-latest'
+    timeout-minutes: 20
+    permissions:
+      contents: 'read'
+    steps:
+      - name: 'Checkout'
+        uses: 'actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd' # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          ref: "${{ format('refs/pull/{0}/head', github.event.pull_request.number) }}"
+          fetch-depth: 1
+
+      - name: 'Set up Node.js 22.x'
+        uses: 'actions/setup-node@48b55a011bda9f5d6aeb4c2d9c7362e8dae4041e' # v6.4.0
+        with:
+          node-version: '22.x'
+          cache: 'npm'
+          cache-dependency-path: 'package-lock.json'
+          registry-url: 'https://registry.npmjs.org/'
+
+      - name: 'Configure npm for rate limiting'
+        run: |-
+          npm config set fetch-retry-mintimeout 20000
+          npm config set fetch-retry-maxtimeout 120000
+          npm config set fetch-retries 5
+          npm config set fetch-timeout 300000
+
+      - name: 'Install dependencies'
+        run: |-
+          npm ci --prefer-offline --no-audit --progress=false
+
+      - name: 'Install Playwright Chromium'
+        run: 'npx playwright install --with-deps chromium'
+
+      - name: 'Run web-shell browser smoke'
+        run: 'npm run test:e2e:smoke --workspace=packages/web-shell'
+
+      - name: 'Upload web-shell Playwright artifacts'
+        if: '${{ always() }}'
+        uses: 'actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a' # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: 'web-shell-e2e-smoke'
+          path: |-
+            packages/web-shell/client/e2e/test-results
+            packages/web-shell/client/e2e/playwright-report
+          if-no-files-found: 'ignore'
+
   # macOS/Windows: slowest/costliest runners, rare platform regressions — run
   # only in the merge queue. Skipped on PR (ubuntu is the fast PR signal) and on
   # push (the queue already tested the merged tree, so a post-merge re-run is
diff --git a/.github/workflows/e2e.yml b/.github/workflows/e2e.yml
index c5afbf1d38..8e43737886 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/e2e.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/e2e.yml
@@ -144,3 +144,47 @@ jobs:
           OPENAI_BASE_URL: '${{ secrets.OPENAI_BASE_URL }}'
           OPENAI_MODEL: '${{ secrets.OPENAI_MODEL }}'
         run: 'npm run test:e2e'
+
+  web-shell-browser-regression:
+    name: 'web-shell Browser Regression'
+    runs-on: 'ubuntu-latest'
+    if: |-
+      ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' }}
+    steps:
+      - name: 'Checkout'
+        uses: 'actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd' # v6.0.2
+
+      - name: 'Set up Node.js'
+        uses: 'actions/setup-node@48b55a011bda9f5d6aeb4c2d9c7362e8dae4041e' # v6.4.0
+        with:
+          node-version-file: '.nvmrc'
+          cache: 'npm'
+          cache-dependency-path: 'package-lock.json'
+          registry-url: 'https://registry.npmjs.org/'
+
+      - name: 'Configure npm for rate limiting'
+        run: |-
+          npm config set fetch-retry-mintimeout 20000
+          npm config set fetch-retry-maxtimeout 120000
+          npm config set fetch-retries 5
+          npm config set fetch-timeout 300000
+
+      - name: 'Install dependencies'
+        run: |-
+          npm ci --prefer-offline --no-audit --progress=false
+
+      - name: 'Install Playwright Chromium'
+        run: 'npx playwright install --with-deps chromium'
+
+      - name: 'Run web-shell browser regression'
+        run: 'npm run test:e2e --workspace=packages/web-shell'
+
+      - name: 'Upload web-shell Playwright artifacts'
+        if: '${{ always() }}'
+        uses: 'actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a' # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: 'web-shell-browser-regression'
+          path: |-
+            packages/web-shell/client/e2e/test-results
+            packages/web-shell/client/e2e/playwright-report
+          if-no-files-found: 'ignore'
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index e7e956c2c7..cb894b6007 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -76,6 +76,8 @@ bundle
 # Test report files
 junit.xml
 packages/*/coverage/
+packages/web-shell/client/e2e/playwright-report/
+packages/web-shell/client/e2e/test-results/
 
 # PR body draft
 pr_body.md
diff --git a/eslint.config.js b/eslint.config.js
index f74416e232..08dca2c70f 100644
--- a/eslint.config.js
+++ b/eslint.config.js
@@ -170,6 +170,82 @@ export default tseslint.config(
       'default-case': 'error',
     },
   },
+  {
+    files: [
+      'packages/web-shell/client/**/*.{ts,tsx}',
+      'packages/web-shell/*.config.ts',
+    ],
+    plugins: {
+      import: importPlugin,
+    },
+    settings: {
+      'import/resolver': {
+        node: true,
+      },
+    },
+    languageOptions: {
+      globals: {
+        ...globals.browser,
+        ...globals.es2021,
+        ...globals.node,
+      },
+    },
+    rules: {
+      'react/prop-types': 'off',
+      '@typescript-eslint/consistent-type-imports': [
+        'error',
+        { disallowTypeAnnotations: false },
+      ],
+      '@typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any': 'error',
+      '@typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars': [
+        'error',
+        {
+          argsIgnorePattern: '^_',
+          varsIgnorePattern: '^_',
+          caughtErrorsIgnorePattern: '^_',
+        },
+      ],
+      'no-console': ['error', { allow: ['warn', 'error'] }],
+      'no-debugger': 'error',
+      'object-shorthand': 'error',
+      'prefer-const': ['error', { destructuring: 'all' }],
+    },
+  },
+  {
+    files: [
+      'packages/web-shell/client/**/*.test.{ts,tsx}',
+      'packages/web-shell/client/test/**/*.{ts,tsx}',
+    ],
+    plugins: {
+      vitest,
+    },
+    languageOptions: {
+      globals: {
+        ...globals.browser,
+        ...globals.es2021,
+        ...globals.vitest,
+      },
+    },
+    rules: {
+      ...vitest.configs.recommended.rules,
+      'vitest/expect-expect': 'off',
+      'vitest/no-commented-out-tests': 'off',
+      'no-console': 'off',
+    },
+  },
+  {
+    files: ['packages/web-shell/client/e2e/**/*.{ts,tsx}'],
+    languageOptions: {
+      globals: {
+        ...globals.browser,
+        ...globals.es2021,
+        ...globals.node,
+      },
+    },
+    rules: {
+      'no-console': 'off',
+    },
+  },
   {
     // Enforce kebab-case filenames
     files: ['packages/core/src/**/*.ts', 'packages/cli/src/**/*.ts'],
diff --git a/package-lock.json b/package-lock.json
index 41267ce4ed..a02e6d82f2 100644
--- a/package-lock.json
+++ b/package-lock.json
@@ -27380,6 +27380,7 @@
         "shiki": "^1.29.2"
       },
       "devDependencies": {
+        "@playwright/test": "^1.57.0",
         "@qwen-code/sdk": "file:../sdk-typescript",
         "@qwen-code/webui": "file:../webui",
         "@types/node": "^22.0.0",
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/App.tsx b/packages/web-shell/client/App.tsx
index 6cf2b93481..d8592e0e4b 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/client/App.tsx
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/App.tsx
@@ -627,12 +627,6 @@ function isAlreadyDispatched(error: unknown): error is AlreadyDispatchedError {
   );
 }
 
-function logSessionNoticesHook(notices: readonly DaemonSessionNotice[]): void {
-  if (notices.length > 0) {
-    console.info('[web-shell] useSessionNotices()', { notices });
-  }
-}
-
 function shouldToastNotice(notice: DaemonSessionNotice): boolean {
   return (
     notice.category === 'validation' ||
@@ -1817,11 +1811,9 @@ export function App({
     (error: unknown, fallback: string) => {
       if (isAbortError(error)) return;
       if (isDaemonTurnError(error)) {
-        console.debug('[web-shell] turn error rendered in transcript', error);
         return;
       }
       if (isAlreadyDispatched(error)) {
-        console.debug('[web-shell] error already handled by notice', error);
         return;
       }
       const message = formatError(error, fallback);
@@ -1913,13 +1905,10 @@ export function App({
   );
 
   useEffect(() => {
-    logSessionNoticesHook(notices);
     for (const notice of notices) {
       if (shouldToastNotice(notice)) {
         pushToast(toastToneFromNotice(notice), notice.message);
-      } else if (notice.category === 'lifecycle') {
-        console.debug('[web-shell] daemon notice', notice);
-      } else {
+      } else if (notice.category !== 'lifecycle') {
         console.warn('[web-shell] daemon notice', notice);
       }
       dismissNotice(notice.id);
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/components/ChatEditor.tsx b/packages/web-shell/client/components/ChatEditor.tsx
index 5761b8d485..81315a1e50 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/client/components/ChatEditor.tsx
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/components/ChatEditor.tsx
@@ -704,7 +704,12 @@ function SlashCommandPanel({
   } as CSSProperties;
 
   return createPortal(
-    <div ref={panelRef} className={styles.slashPortalLayer} style={themeVars}>
+    <div
+      ref={panelRef}
+      className={styles.slashPortalLayer}
+      style={themeVars}
+      data-web-shell-slash-menu
+    >
       <div
         className={styles.slashPanel}
         style={positionedPanelStyle}
@@ -1299,10 +1304,11 @@ export const ChatEditor = memo(
     const showCancelButton = isRunning && !core.hasContent;
 
     return (
-      <div className={styles.editorShell} data-composer>
+      <div className={styles.editorShell} data-composer data-web-shell-composer>
         <div
           ref={containerRef}
           className={styles.container}
+          data-web-shell-composer-surface
           data-dac-glow
           onClick={() => {
             setModeDropdownOpen(false);
@@ -1457,7 +1463,7 @@ export const ChatEditor = memo(
                   !
                 </span>
               )}
-              <div ref={core.containerRef} />
+              <div ref={core.containerRef} data-web-shell-composer-editor />
             </div>
             <div className={styles.toolbar}>
               <div className={styles.toolbarLeading}>
@@ -1486,6 +1492,7 @@ export const ChatEditor = memo(
                       <button
                         ref={modeBtnRef}
                         className={styles.toolBtn}
+                        data-web-shell-mode-button
                         onClick={(e) => {
                           e.stopPropagation();
                           core.closeSlashMenu();
@@ -1521,6 +1528,7 @@ export const ChatEditor = memo(
                       <button
                         ref={modelBtnRef}
                         className={styles.toolBtn}
+                        data-web-shell-model-button
                         onClick={(e) => {
                           e.stopPropagation();
                           core.closeSlashMenu();
@@ -1646,6 +1654,7 @@ export const ChatEditor = memo(
                         ? !onCancel
                         : core.disabled || !core.hasContent
                   }
+                  data-web-shell-composer-submit
                   onClick={(e) => {
                     e.stopPropagation();
                     if (isPreparing) {
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/components/MessageList.dom.test.tsx b/packages/web-shell/client/components/MessageList.dom.test.tsx
index e6553ab5ee..a1375dac34 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/client/components/MessageList.dom.test.tsx
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/components/MessageList.dom.test.tsx
@@ -135,6 +135,7 @@ const userShellMsg = (
   id,
   role: 'user_shell',
   command: 'npm test',
+  output: '',
 });
 const toolMsg = (id: string): ToolGroupMessage => ({
   id,
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/components/MessageList.test.ts b/packages/web-shell/client/components/MessageList.test.ts
index 3002b6214f..84c9959301 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/client/components/MessageList.test.ts
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/components/MessageList.test.ts
@@ -115,7 +115,9 @@ function makeBackgroundAgentToolGroup(id: string): Message {
   };
 }
 
-function makeMultiToolGroup(id: string): Message {
+function makeMultiToolGroup(
+  id: string,
+): Extract<Message, { role: 'tool_group' }> {
   return {
     id,
     role: 'tool_group',
@@ -126,15 +128,19 @@ function makeMultiToolGroup(id: string): Message {
   };
 }
 
-function makeUserMessage(id: string): Message {
+function makeUserMessage(id: string): Extract<Message, { role: 'user' }> {
   return { id, role: 'user', content: 'hello' };
 }
 
-function makeUserShellMessage(id: string): Message {
-  return { id, role: 'user_shell', command: 'npm test' };
+function makeUserShellMessage(
+  id: string,
+): Extract<Message, { role: 'user_shell' }> {
+  return { id, role: 'user_shell', command: 'npm test', output: '' };
 }
 
-function makeAssistantMessage(id: string): Message {
+function makeAssistantMessage(
+  id: string,
+): Extract<Message, { role: 'assistant' }> {
   return { id, role: 'assistant', content: 'response' };
 }
 
@@ -310,7 +316,9 @@ describe('groupParallelAgents', () => {
 });
 
 describe('getTurnTimelineNode', () => {
-  const item = (message: Message): DisplayItem => ({
+  const item = (
+    message: Message,
+  ): Extract<DisplayItem, { type: 'message' }> => ({
     type: 'message',
     key: message.id,
     message,
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/components/MessageList.tsx b/packages/web-shell/client/components/MessageList.tsx
index 5955832446..4250cd38d8 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/client/components/MessageList.tsx
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/components/MessageList.tsx
@@ -456,7 +456,6 @@ function isHideableStep(item: DisplayItem, isFinalAnswer: boolean): boolean {
       // assign to `never` here. At runtime (e.g. a newer daemon sending an
       // unknown role) it falls through as not-hideable — kept visible rather
       // than crashing the transcript or vanishing from a collapsed turn.
-      // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
       const _exhaustive: never = item.message;
       return false;
     }
@@ -538,7 +537,6 @@ export function getTurnTimelineNode(
     case 'insight_error':
       return { kind: 'none', timestamp: message.timestamp };
     default: {
-      // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
       const _exhaustive: never = message;
       return { kind: 'none' };
     }
@@ -679,7 +677,6 @@ function timelineDetailSnippetForMessage(
     case 'insight_error':
       return '';
     default: {
-      // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
       const _exhaustive: never = message;
       return '';
     }
@@ -882,7 +879,6 @@ export function getSessionTimelineSignature(
         case 'insight_error':
           return base;
         default: {
-          // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
           const _exhaustive: never = message;
           return base;
         }
@@ -2856,6 +2852,7 @@ export const MessageList = memo(
       <div
         ref={containerRef}
         className={styles.list}
+        data-web-shell-message-list
         onClickCapture={handleDisclosureClickCapture}
       >
         {showLoadingSkeleton && (
@@ -2886,6 +2883,7 @@ export const MessageList = memo(
                     visibleItems[virtualRow.index - headerOffset],
                   ),
                 )}
+                data-web-shell-message-row
                 style={{
                   position: 'absolute',
                   top: 0,
@@ -2907,6 +2905,7 @@ export const MessageList = memo(
                 key={key}
                 data-index={index}
                 className={getRowClassName(item)}
+                data-web-shell-message-row
               >
                 {renderVirtualItem(index)}
               </div>
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/components/ToastHost.tsx b/packages/web-shell/client/components/ToastHost.tsx
index 68c30ed492..7c38d231d0 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/client/components/ToastHost.tsx
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/components/ToastHost.tsx
@@ -23,7 +23,12 @@ export function ToastHost({
 }: ToastHostProps) {
   if (toasts.length === 0) return null;
   return (
-    <div className={styles.host} role="status" aria-live="polite">
+    <div
+      className={styles.host}
+      role="status"
+      aria-live="polite"
+      data-web-shell-toast-host
+    >
       {toasts.map((toast) => (
         <ToastItem
           key={toast.id}
@@ -52,7 +57,11 @@ function ToastItem({
   }, [autoDismissMs, onDismiss, toast.id]);
 
   return (
-    <div className={`${styles.toast} ${styles[toast.tone]}`}>
+    <div
+      className={`${styles.toast} ${styles[toast.tone]}`}
+      data-web-shell-toast
+      data-tone={toast.tone}
+    >
       <div className={styles.message}>{toast.message}</div>
       <button
         type="button"
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/ApprovalModeDialog.tsx b/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/ApprovalModeDialog.tsx
index 24b13785c3..2aa0c37f6c 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/ApprovalModeDialog.tsx
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/ApprovalModeDialog.tsx
@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ export function ApprovalModeDialog({
         approvalModes.length > 0 ? `mode-opt-${activeIndex}` : undefined
       }
       aria-label={t('mode.select')}
+      data-web-shell-approval-mode-dialog
     >
       {approvalModes.map((mode, index) => {
         const selected = index === activeIndex;
@@ -92,6 +93,8 @@ export function ApprovalModeDialog({
             className={`${styles.row} ${selected ? styles.selected : ''} ${
               isCurrent ? dp('dialog-current') : ''
             }`}
+            data-web-shell-approval-mode-option
+            data-mode-id={mode.id}
             onClick={() => confirm(index)}
             onMouseMove={() => moveHighlight(index)}
           >
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/DialogShell.tsx b/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/DialogShell.tsx
index 19b7f0b5b1..2071fd3330 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/DialogShell.tsx
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/DialogShell.tsx
@@ -236,6 +236,8 @@ export function DialogShell({
           aria-modal="true"
           aria-label={title}
           tabIndex={-1}
+          data-web-shell-dialog
+          data-web-shell-dialog-title={title}
         >
           <header className={styles.header}>
             <div className={styles.titleWrap}>
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/ModelDialog.tsx b/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/ModelDialog.tsx
index b613cea02b..842ad3fbc5 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/ModelDialog.tsx
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/ModelDialog.tsx
@@ -176,6 +176,7 @@ export function ModelDialog({
                 ? t('model.setVision')
                 : t('model.select')
         }
+        data-web-shell-model-dialog
       >
         {availableModels.length === 0 ? (
           <div className={styles.empty}>{t('model.none')}</div>
@@ -200,6 +201,8 @@ export function ModelDialog({
               className={`${styles.row} ${selected ? styles.selected : ''} ${
                 isCurrent ? dp('dialog-current') : ''
               }`}
+              data-web-shell-model-option
+              data-model-id={model.id}
               onClick={() => confirm(index)}
               onMouseMove={() => moveHighlight(index)}
             >
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/ResumeDialog.tsx b/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/ResumeDialog.tsx
index 9bd414c486..cb705eb98a 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/ResumeDialog.tsx
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/ResumeDialog.tsx
@@ -73,7 +73,10 @@ export function ResumeDialog({ onSelect, onClose }: ResumeDialogProps) {
   }, []);
 
   return (
-    <div className={dp('picker', 'picker-in-shell')}>
+    <div
+      className={dp('picker', 'picker-in-shell')}
+      data-web-shell-resume-dialog
+    >
       <div className={dp('picker-search')}>
         <span className={dp('picker-search-label')}>
           {t('resume.search')}:{' '}
@@ -131,6 +134,7 @@ export function ResumeDialog({ onSelect, onClose }: ResumeDialogProps) {
               active={index === selectedIdx}
               current={s.sessionId === currentSessionId}
               currentLabel={t('resume.current')}
+              resumeSelector
               onClick={() => confirm(index)}
               onActivate={() => setSelectedIdx(index)}
             />
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/SessionRow.tsx b/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/SessionRow.tsx
index fdd58eaee2..d42e8b7764 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/SessionRow.tsx
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/SessionRow.tsx
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ interface SessionRowProps {
   leading?: ReactNode;
   /** Trailing slot in the title row, e.g. a status badge. */
   trailing?: ReactNode;
+  /** Test-only selector for the resume dialog's session options. */
+  resumeSelector?: boolean;
   onClick: () => void;
   /**
    * Pointer moved over the row (real movement — see useListboxKeyboard). This
@@ -56,6 +58,7 @@ export function SessionRow({
   ariaSelected,
   leading,
   trailing,
+  resumeSelector,
   onClick,
   onActivate,
 }: SessionRowProps) {
@@ -78,6 +81,8 @@ export function SessionRow({
         disabled ? 'disabled' : undefined,
       )}
       title={current ? currentLabel : undefined}
+      data-web-shell-resume-session={resumeSelector ? '' : undefined}
+      data-session-id={resumeSelector ? session.sessionId : undefined}
       onClick={onClick}
       onMouseMove={onActivate}
     >
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/ThemeDialog.tsx b/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/ThemeDialog.tsx
index ef679d2ba6..246167adfb 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/ThemeDialog.tsx
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/components/dialogs/ThemeDialog.tsx
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ export function ThemeDialog({
       aria-activedescendant={
         themes.length > 0 ? `theme-opt-${selectedIdx}` : undefined
       }
+      data-web-shell-theme-dialog
     >
       {themes.map((theme, index) => {
         const selected = theme.id === currentTheme;
@@ -77,6 +78,8 @@ export function ThemeDialog({
               index === selectedIdx ? 'selected' : undefined,
               selected ? 'dialog-current' : undefined,
             )}
+            data-web-shell-theme-option
+            data-theme-id={theme.id}
             onClick={() => confirm(index)}
             onMouseMove={() => setSelectedIdx(index)}
           >
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/components/messages/EnhancedMarkdownTable.test.tsx b/packages/web-shell/client/components/messages/EnhancedMarkdownTable.test.tsx
index c1ce5b98fa..7862acb9e4 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/client/components/messages/EnhancedMarkdownTable.test.tsx
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/components/messages/EnhancedMarkdownTable.test.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 import { StrictMode, act, type ReactNode } from 'react';
 import { createRoot, type Root } from 'react-dom/client';
 import { I18nProvider, type WebShellLanguage } from '../../i18n';
+import { immediateClipboardWrite } from '../../test/reactHarness';
 import { EnhancedMarkdownTable } from './EnhancedMarkdownTable';
 
 (
@@ -172,7 +173,7 @@ function textButtonContaining(
 }
 
 function mockClipboard() {
-  const writeText = vi.fn(() => Promise.resolve());
+  const writeText = vi.fn(() => immediateClipboardWrite());
   Object.defineProperty(navigator, 'clipboard', {
     configurable: true,
     value: { writeText },
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/components/messages/ToolApproval.tsx b/packages/web-shell/client/components/messages/ToolApproval.tsx
index c837403098..0371da3dff 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/client/components/messages/ToolApproval.tsx
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/components/messages/ToolApproval.tsx
@@ -274,6 +274,7 @@ export function ToolApproval({
           ? `${styles.approval} ${styles.floating}`
           : styles.approval
       }
+      data-web-shell-permission-panel
     >
       <div className={styles.header}>
         <span className={styles.icon}>?</span>
@@ -317,6 +318,8 @@ export function ToolApproval({
               className={`${styles.option} ${getOptionClassName(option)} ${
                 isSelected ? styles.optionActive : ''
               }`}
+              data-web-shell-permission-option
+              data-option-id={option.id}
               onClick={() => confirm(option.id)}
             >
               <span className={styles.pointer}>{isSelected ? '›' : ' '}</span>
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/e2e/utils/mockDaemon.ts b/packages/web-shell/client/e2e/utils/mockDaemon.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..77cda25c66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/e2e/utils/mockDaemon.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,883 @@
+import type { Page, Route } from '@playwright/test';
+import {
+  DAEMON_APPROVAL_MODES,
+  type DaemonApprovalMode,
+  type DaemonCapabilities,
+  type DaemonEvent,
+  type DaemonRestoredSession,
+  type DaemonSession,
+  type DaemonSessionState,
+  type DaemonSessionSummary,
+  type DaemonWorkspaceExtensionsStatus,
+  type DaemonWorkspaceMcpResourcesStatus,
+  type DaemonWorkspaceMcpStatus,
+  type DaemonWorkspaceMcpToolsStatus,
+  type DaemonWorkspaceProvidersStatus,
+  type DaemonWorkspaceSettingsStatus,
+  type DaemonWorkspaceSkillsStatus,
+  type DaemonWorkspaceToolsStatus,
+  type DaemonWorkspaceVoiceStatus,
+  type PermissionResponse,
+  type PromptRequest,
+} from '@qwen-code/sdk/daemon';
+import { installSseTransport, type SseTransport } from './sseTransport';
+
+export interface DaemonRequestRecord {
+  method: string;
+  path: string;
+  body: unknown;
+  headers: Record<string, string>;
+}
+
+export interface WebShellDaemonScenario {
+  workspaceCwd: string;
+  sessionId: string;
+  clientId: string;
+  displayName: string;
+  currentModel: string;
+  currentMode: string;
+  capabilities: DaemonCapabilities;
+  providers: DaemonWorkspaceProvidersStatus;
+  skills: DaemonWorkspaceSkillsStatus;
+  settings: DaemonWorkspaceSettingsStatus;
+  sessions: DaemonSessionSummary[];
+  events: DaemonEvent[];
+  state: DaemonSessionState;
+}
+
+export interface MockDaemonController {
+  scenario: WebShellDaemonScenario;
+  sse: SseTransport<DaemonEvent>;
+  requests: readonly DaemonRequestRecord[];
+  sendEvent(event: DaemonEvent): Promise<void>;
+  burstEvents(events: readonly DaemonEvent[]): Promise<void>;
+  promptRequests(): DaemonRequestRecord[];
+  permissionRequests(): DaemonRequestRecord[];
+  modelRequests(): DaemonRequestRecord[];
+}
+
+type ScenarioOverrides = Partial<
+  Omit<
+    WebShellDaemonScenario,
+    'capabilities' | 'providers' | 'skills' | 'settings' | 'sessions' | 'state'
+  >
+> & {
+  capabilities?: Partial<DaemonCapabilities>;
+  providers?: Partial<DaemonWorkspaceProvidersStatus>;
+  skills?: Partial<DaemonWorkspaceSkillsStatus>;
+  settings?: Partial<DaemonWorkspaceSettingsStatus>;
+  sessions?: DaemonSessionSummary[];
+  state?: Partial<DaemonSessionState>;
+};
+
+const now = '2026-07-03T00:00:00.000Z';
+
+export function applyScenarioCurrentModel(
+  scenario: WebShellDaemonScenario,
+  modelId: string,
+): void {
+  scenario.currentModel = modelId;
+  const models =
+    scenario.state.models && typeof scenario.state.models === 'object'
+      ? scenario.state.models
+      : {};
+  scenario.state.models = {
+    ...models,
+    currentModelId: modelId,
+  };
+  scenario.providers = {
+    ...scenario.providers,
+    current: {
+      ...scenario.providers.current,
+      modelId,
+      fastModelId: modelId,
+    },
+    providers: scenario.providers.providers.map((provider) => ({
+      ...provider,
+      models: provider.models?.map((model) => ({
+        ...model,
+        isCurrent: model.modelId === modelId,
+      })),
+    })),
+  };
+}
+
+export function createWebShellDaemonScenario(
+  overrides: ScenarioOverrides = {},
+): WebShellDaemonScenario {
+  const workspaceCwd = overrides.workspaceCwd ?? '/tmp/qwen-web-shell-e2e';
+  const sessionId = overrides.sessionId ?? 'web-shell-e2e-session';
+  const clientId = overrides.clientId ?? 'web-shell-e2e-client';
+  const displayName = overrides.displayName ?? 'E2E Harness Session';
+  const currentModel = overrides.currentModel ?? 'qwen-test';
+  const currentMode = overrides.currentMode ?? 'default';
+  const state: DaemonSessionState = {
+    displayName,
+    models: {
+      currentModelId: currentModel,
+      availableModels: [
+        {
+          modelId: currentModel,
+          baseModelId: currentModel,
+          name: 'Qwen Test',
+          contextLimit: 32_768,
+        },
+        {
+          modelId: 'qwen-test-alt',
+          baseModelId: 'qwen-test-alt',
+          name: 'Qwen Test Alt',
+          contextLimit: 16_384,
+        },
+      ],
+    },
+    modes: {
+      currentModeId: currentMode,
+    },
+    ...(overrides.state ?? {}),
+  };
+
+  const capabilities: DaemonCapabilities = {
+    v: 1,
+    mode: 'http-bridge',
+    features: [
+      'session_events',
+      'permission_vote',
+      'session_permission_vote',
+      'session_scope_override',
+      'workspace_settings',
+      'workspace_voice',
+    ],
+    modelServices: ['qwen-test'],
+    transports: ['rest-sse'],
+    workspaceCwd,
+    qwenCodeVersion: '0.0.0-e2e',
+    ...(overrides.capabilities ?? {}),
+  };
+
+  const providers: DaemonWorkspaceProvidersStatus = {
+    v: 1,
+    workspaceCwd,
+    initialized: true,
+    acpChannelLive: true,
+    approvalMode: currentMode as DaemonWorkspaceProvidersStatus['approvalMode'],
+    current: {
+      authType: 'qwen-oauth',
+      modelId: currentModel,
+      fastModelId: currentModel,
+    },
+    providers: [
+      {
+        kind: 'model_provider',
+        status: 'ok',
+        authType: 'qwen-oauth',
+        current: true,
+        models: [
+          {
+            modelId: currentModel,
+            baseModelId: currentModel,
+            name: 'Qwen Test',
+            contextLimit: 32_768,
+            isCurrent: true,
+            isRuntime: true,
+          },
+          {
+            modelId: 'qwen-test-alt',
+            baseModelId: 'qwen-test-alt',
+            name: 'Qwen Test Alt',
+            contextLimit: 16_384,
+            isCurrent: false,
+            isRuntime: true,
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+    ],
+    ...(overrides.providers ?? {}),
+  };
+
+  const skills: DaemonWorkspaceSkillsStatus = {
+    v: 1,
+    workspaceCwd,
+    initialized: true,
+    skills: [],
+    ...(overrides.skills ?? {}),
+  };
+
+  const settings: DaemonWorkspaceSettingsStatus = {
+    v: 1,
+    settings: [],
+    ...(overrides.settings ?? {}),
+  };
+
+  const sessions = overrides.sessions ?? [
+    {
+      sessionId,
+      workspaceCwd,
+      createdAt: now,
+      updatedAt: now,
+      displayName,
+      clientCount: 1,
+      hasActivePrompt: false,
+    },
+    {
+      sessionId: 'previous-session',
+      workspaceCwd,
+      createdAt: now,
+      updatedAt: now,
+      displayName: 'Previous Session',
+      clientCount: 0,
+      hasActivePrompt: false,
+    },
+  ];
+
+  return {
+    workspaceCwd,
+    sessionId,
+    clientId,
+    displayName,
+    currentModel,
+    currentMode,
+    capabilities,
+    providers,
+    skills,
+    settings,
+    sessions,
+    events: overrides.events ?? [],
+    state,
+  };
+}
+
+export async function installMockDaemon(
+  page: Page,
+  scenario: WebShellDaemonScenario,
+  options: { baseURL?: string } = {},
+): Promise<MockDaemonController> {
+  const baseURL = options.baseURL ?? getPlaywrightBaseURL();
+  const baseOrigin = new URL(baseURL).origin;
+  const requests: DaemonRequestRecord[] = [];
+  const sse = await installSseTransport<DaemonEvent>(page, { baseURL });
+
+  await page.route(`${baseOrigin}/**`, async (route) => {
+    const request = route.request();
+    const url = new URL(request.url());
+    const method = request.method();
+    const path = url.pathname;
+
+    if (url.origin !== baseOrigin) {
+      await route.fallback();
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (!isDaemonPath(path)) {
+      await route.fallback();
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const body = readRequestBody(request.postData());
+    requests.push({
+      method,
+      path,
+      body,
+      headers: request.headers(),
+    });
+
+    if (!isDaemonRoute(method, path)) {
+      await methodNotAllowed(route, method, path);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    await handleDaemonRoute(route, method, path, scenario, body);
+  });
+
+  return {
+    scenario,
+    sse,
+    requests,
+    sendEvent: (event) => sse.send(event),
+    burstEvents: (events) => sse.burst(events),
+    promptRequests: () =>
+      requests.filter((request) =>
+        /\/session\/[^/]+\/prompt\/?$/.test(request.path),
+      ),
+    permissionRequests: () =>
+      requests.filter((request) => /\/permission\/[^/]+$/.test(request.path)),
+    modelRequests: () =>
+      requests.filter((request) =>
+        /\/session\/[^/]+\/model$/.test(request.path),
+      ),
+  };
+}
+
+export function userTextEvent(
+  text: string,
+  options: { id?: number; sessionId?: string } = {},
+): DaemonEvent {
+  return sessionUpdateEvent(
+    {
+      sessionUpdate: 'user_message_chunk',
+      content: { type: 'text', text },
+      ...(options.sessionId ? { sessionId: options.sessionId } : {}),
+    },
+    options.id,
+  );
+}
+
+export function assistantTextEvent(
+  text: string,
+  options: { id?: number; sessionId?: string } = {},
+): DaemonEvent {
+  return sessionUpdateEvent(
+    {
+      sessionUpdate: 'agent_message_chunk',
+      content: { type: 'text', text },
+      ...(options.sessionId ? { sessionId: options.sessionId } : {}),
+    },
+    options.id,
+  );
+}
+
+export function turnCompleteEvent(
+  promptId: string,
+  options: { id?: number; sessionId?: string } = {},
+): DaemonEvent {
+  return {
+    ...(options.id !== undefined ? { id: options.id } : {}),
+    v: 1,
+    type: 'turn_complete',
+    data: {
+      promptId,
+      sessionId: options.sessionId,
+      stopReason: 'end_turn',
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+export function replayCompleteEvent(
+  options: { replayedCount?: number; sessionId?: string } = {},
+): DaemonEvent {
+  return {
+    v: 1,
+    type: 'replay_complete',
+    data: {
+      sessionId: options.sessionId,
+      replayedCount: options.replayedCount ?? 0,
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+export function permissionRequestEvent(
+  requestId: string,
+  options: { id?: number; sessionId?: string } = {},
+): DaemonEvent {
+  return {
+    ...(options.id !== undefined ? { id: options.id } : {}),
+    v: 1,
+    type: 'permission_request',
+    data: {
+      requestId,
+      sessionId: options.sessionId,
+      toolCall: {
+        name: 'Bash',
+        input: {
+          command: 'printf web-shell-e2e',
+        },
+      },
+      options: [
+        { optionId: 'allow_once', label: 'Allow once' },
+        { optionId: 'reject_once', label: 'Reject' },
+      ],
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+function sessionUpdateEvent(
+  update: Record<string, unknown>,
+  id?: number,
+): DaemonEvent {
+  return {
+    ...(id !== undefined ? { id } : {}),
+    v: 1,
+    type: 'session_update',
+    data: { update },
+  };
+}
+
+function getPlaywrightBaseURL(): string {
+  const port = process.env['PLAYWRIGHT_PORT'] ?? '5174';
+  return process.env['PLAYWRIGHT_BASE_URL'] ?? `http://127.0.0.1:${port}`;
+}
+
+function readRequestBody(raw: string | null): unknown {
+  if (!raw) return undefined;
+  try {
+    return JSON.parse(raw);
+  } catch {
+    return raw;
+  }
+}
+
+function isDaemonPath(path: string): boolean {
+  return (
+    path === '/health' ||
+    path === '/capabilities' ||
+    path === '/workspace/settings' ||
+    path === '/workspace/providers' ||
+    path === '/workspace/skills' ||
+    path === '/workspace/tools' ||
+    path === '/workspace/extensions' ||
+    path === '/workspace/mcp' ||
+    path === '/workspace/voice' ||
+    /^\/workspace\/mcp\/[^/]+\/tools\/?$/.test(path) ||
+    /^\/workspace\/mcp\/[^/]+\/resources\/?$/.test(path) ||
+    /^\/workspace\/.+\/sessions\/?$/.test(path) ||
+    path === '/session' ||
+    /^\/permission\/[^/]+\/?$/.test(path) ||
+    /^\/session\/[^/]+\/pending-prompts(?:\/[^/]+)?\/?$/.test(path) ||
+    /^\/session\/[^/]+\/(load|resume|prompt|permission\/[^/]+|context|supported-commands|events|model|approval-mode|heartbeat|cancel|detach)\/?$/.test(
+      path,
+    )
+  );
+}
+
+function isDaemonRoute(method: string, path: string): boolean {
+  if (method === 'GET' && (path === '/health' || path === '/capabilities')) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (
+    (method === 'GET' || method === 'POST') &&
+    path === '/workspace/settings'
+  ) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (method === 'GET' && path === '/workspace/providers') return true;
+  if (method === 'GET' && path === '/workspace/skills') return true;
+  if (method === 'GET' && path === '/workspace/tools') return true;
+  if (method === 'GET' && path === '/workspace/extensions') return true;
+  if (method === 'GET' && path === '/workspace/mcp') return true;
+  if (method === 'GET' && path === '/workspace/voice') return true;
+  if (method === 'GET' && /^\/workspace\/mcp\/[^/]+\/tools\/?$/.test(path)) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (
+    method === 'GET' &&
+    /^\/workspace\/mcp\/[^/]+\/resources\/?$/.test(path)
+  ) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (method === 'GET' && /^\/workspace\/.+\/sessions\/?$/.test(path)) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (method === 'POST' && path === '/session') return true;
+  if (method === 'POST' && /^\/permission\/[^/]+\/?$/.test(path)) return true;
+  if (
+    (method === 'GET' || method === 'DELETE') &&
+    /^\/session\/[^/]+\/pending-prompts(?:\/[^/]+)?\/?$/.test(path)
+  ) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (method === 'GET' && /^\/session\/[^/]+\/events\/?$/.test(path)) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (
+    method === 'POST' &&
+    /^\/session\/[^/]+\/(load|resume|prompt|permission\/[^/]+|model|approval-mode|heartbeat|cancel|detach)\/?$/.test(
+      path,
+    )
+  ) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  return (
+    method === 'GET' &&
+    /^\/session\/[^/]+\/(context|supported-commands)\/?$/.test(path)
+  );
+}
+
+async function handleDaemonRoute(
+  route: Route,
+  method: string,
+  path: string,
+  scenario: WebShellDaemonScenario,
+  body: unknown,
+): Promise<void> {
+  if (method === 'GET' && path === '/health') {
+    await json(route, { ok: true, healthy: true });
+    return;
+  }
+  if (method === 'GET' && path === '/capabilities') {
+    await json(route, scenario.capabilities);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (method === 'GET' && path === '/workspace/providers') {
+    await json(route, scenario.providers);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (method === 'GET' && path === '/workspace/skills') {
+    await json(route, scenario.skills);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (method === 'GET' && path === '/workspace/settings') {
+    await json(route, scenario.settings);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (method === 'POST' && path === '/workspace/settings') {
+    await json(route, {
+      key: getRecordValue(body, 'key') ?? 'unknown',
+      scope: 'workspace',
+      value: getRecordValue(body, 'value'),
+      requiresRestart: false,
+    });
+    return;
+  }
+  if (method === 'GET' && path === '/workspace/tools') {
+    await json(route, workspaceTools(scenario));
+    return;
+  }
+  if (method === 'GET' && path === '/workspace/extensions') {
+    await json(route, workspaceExtensions(scenario));
+    return;
+  }
+  if (method === 'GET' && path === '/workspace/mcp') {
+    await json(route, workspaceMcp(scenario));
+    return;
+  }
+  if (method === 'GET' && path === '/workspace/voice') {
+    await json(route, workspaceVoice(scenario));
+    return;
+  }
+  if (method === 'GET' && /^\/workspace\/mcp\/[^/]+\/tools\/?$/.test(path)) {
+    const serverName = decodeURIComponent(path.split('/')[3] ?? 'server');
+    await json(route, workspaceMcpTools(scenario, serverName));
+    return;
+  }
+  if (
+    method === 'GET' &&
+    /^\/workspace\/mcp\/[^/]+\/resources\/?$/.test(path)
+  ) {
+    const serverName = decodeURIComponent(path.split('/')[3] ?? 'server');
+    await json(route, workspaceMcpResources(scenario, serverName));
+    return;
+  }
+  if (method === 'GET' && /^\/workspace\/.+\/sessions\/?$/.test(path)) {
+    await json(route, { sessions: scenario.sessions });
+    return;
+  }
+  if (method === 'POST' && path === '/session') {
+    await json(route, sessionEnvelope(scenario, { attached: false }));
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const sessionMatch = path.match(
+    /^\/session\/([^/]+)\/([^/]+)(?:\/([^/]+))?\/?$/,
+  );
+  if (sessionMatch) {
+    const sessionId = decodeURIComponent(sessionMatch[1]);
+    const action = sessionMatch[2];
+    const extra = sessionMatch[3] ? decodeURIComponent(sessionMatch[3]) : '';
+    if (action === 'load' || action === 'resume') {
+      await json(route, restoredSessionEnvelope(scenario, sessionId));
+      return;
+    }
+    if (action === 'prompt') {
+      if (!isPromptRequest(body)) {
+        await badRequest(route, 'Invalid prompt request.');
+        return;
+      }
+      await json(
+        route,
+        {
+          promptId: promptIdFor(body),
+          lastEventId: maxEventId(scenario.events),
+        },
+        202,
+      );
+      return;
+    }
+    if (action === 'pending-prompts') {
+      if (method === 'DELETE') {
+        await json(route, { removed: true });
+        return;
+      }
+      await json(route, { pendingPrompts: [] });
+      return;
+    }
+    if (action === 'permission') {
+      await json(route, {});
+      return;
+    }
+    if (action === 'context') {
+      await json(route, {
+        v: 1,
+        sessionId,
+        workspaceCwd: scenario.workspaceCwd,
+        state: scenario.state,
+      });
+      return;
+    }
+    if (action === 'supported-commands') {
+      await json(route, {
+        v: 1,
+        sessionId,
+        availableCommands: [],
+        availableSkills: [],
+      });
+      return;
+    }
+    if (action === 'model') {
+      const modelId = readStringField(body, 'modelId');
+      if (!modelId) {
+        await badRequest(route, 'Invalid model request.');
+        return;
+      }
+      applyScenarioCurrentModel(scenario, modelId);
+      await json(route, { sessionId, modelId });
+      return;
+    }
+    if (action === 'approval-mode') {
+      const mode = readStringField(body, 'mode');
+      if (!mode || !isApprovalMode(mode)) {
+        await badRequest(route, 'Invalid approval mode request.');
+        return;
+      }
+      const previous = scenario.currentMode;
+      scenario.currentMode = mode;
+      scenario.state.modes = {
+        ...(isRecord(scenario.state.modes) ? scenario.state.modes : {}),
+        currentModeId: mode,
+      };
+      scenario.providers = {
+        ...scenario.providers,
+        approvalMode: mode,
+      };
+      await json(route, {
+        sessionId,
+        previous,
+        mode,
+        persisted: getRecordValue(body, 'persist') === true,
+      });
+      return;
+    }
+    if (action === 'heartbeat') {
+      await json(route, { ok: true });
+      return;
+    }
+    if (action === 'cancel') {
+      await json(route, {});
+      return;
+    }
+    if (action === 'detach') {
+      await route.fulfill({ status: 204, body: '' });
+      return;
+    }
+    if (action === 'events' || extra) {
+      await route.fulfill({
+        status: 200,
+        headers: { 'content-type': 'text/event-stream' },
+        body: ': web-shell mock daemon\n\n',
+      });
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (method === 'POST' && /^\/permission\/[^/]+\/?$/.test(path)) {
+    const response = body as PermissionResponse | undefined;
+    await json(route, response ?? {});
+    return;
+  }
+
+  await json(
+    route,
+    { error: `Unhandled mock daemon route: ${method} ${path}` },
+    404,
+  );
+}
+
+function sessionEnvelope(
+  scenario: WebShellDaemonScenario,
+  options: { attached: boolean },
+): DaemonSession {
+  return {
+    sessionId: scenario.sessionId,
+    workspaceCwd: scenario.workspaceCwd,
+    attached: options.attached,
+    clientId: scenario.clientId,
+    createdAt: now,
+    hasActivePrompt: false,
+  };
+}
+
+function restoredSessionEnvelope(
+  scenario: WebShellDaemonScenario,
+  sessionId: string,
+): DaemonRestoredSession {
+  return {
+    sessionId,
+    workspaceCwd: scenario.workspaceCwd,
+    attached: true,
+    clientId: scenario.clientId,
+    createdAt: now,
+    hasActivePrompt: false,
+    state: scenario.state,
+    compactedReplay: scenario.events,
+    liveJournal: [],
+    lastEventId: maxEventId(scenario.events),
+  };
+}
+
+function maxEventId(events: readonly DaemonEvent[]): number {
+  return events.reduce((max, event) => Math.max(max, event.id ?? max), 0);
+}
+
+function promptIdFor(body: PromptRequest): string {
+  const meta = body?._meta;
+  if (meta && typeof meta['promptId'] === 'string') return meta['promptId'];
+  return 'prompt-e2e';
+}
+
+function isPromptRequest(body: unknown): body is PromptRequest {
+  if (!isRecord(body)) return false;
+  const prompt = body['prompt'];
+  return Array.isArray(prompt) && prompt.some(isPromptContentBlock);
+}
+
+function isPromptContentBlock(block: unknown): boolean {
+  if (!isRecord(block)) return false;
+  if (block['type'] === 'text') {
+    return readStringField(block, 'text') !== undefined;
+  }
+  if (block['type'] === 'image') {
+    return (
+      readStringField(block, 'data') !== undefined ||
+      readStringField(block, 'url') !== undefined
+    );
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+function readStringField(body: unknown, key: string): string | undefined {
+  const value = getRecordValue(body, key);
+  return typeof value === 'string' && value.trim().length > 0
+    ? value
+    : undefined;
+}
+
+function isApprovalMode(mode: string): mode is DaemonApprovalMode {
+  const modes: readonly string[] = DAEMON_APPROVAL_MODES;
+  return modes.includes(mode);
+}
+
+function getRecordValue(body: unknown, key: string): unknown {
+  if (!isRecord(body)) return undefined;
+  return body[key];
+}
+
+function isRecord(body: unknown): body is Record<string, unknown> {
+  return typeof body === 'object' && body !== null;
+}
+
+function workspaceMcp(
+  scenario: WebShellDaemonScenario,
+): DaemonWorkspaceMcpStatus {
+  return {
+    v: 1,
+    workspaceCwd: scenario.workspaceCwd,
+    initialized: true,
+    discoveryState: 'completed',
+    servers: [],
+    errors: [],
+    clientCount: 0,
+    budgetMode: 'off',
+    budgets: [],
+  };
+}
+
+function workspaceMcpTools(
+  scenario: WebShellDaemonScenario,
+  serverName: string,
+): DaemonWorkspaceMcpToolsStatus {
+  return {
+    v: 1,
+    workspaceCwd: scenario.workspaceCwd,
+    serverName,
+    initialized: true,
+    acpChannelLive: true,
+    tools: [],
+    errors: [],
+  };
+}
+
+function workspaceMcpResources(
+  scenario: WebShellDaemonScenario,
+  serverName: string,
+): DaemonWorkspaceMcpResourcesStatus {
+  return {
+    v: 1,
+    workspaceCwd: scenario.workspaceCwd,
+    serverName,
+    initialized: true,
+    acpChannelLive: true,
+    resources: [],
+    errors: [],
+  };
+}
+
+function workspaceTools(
+  scenario: WebShellDaemonScenario,
+): DaemonWorkspaceToolsStatus {
+  return {
+    v: 1,
+    workspaceCwd: scenario.workspaceCwd,
+    initialized: true,
+    acpChannelLive: true,
+    tools: [],
+    errors: [],
+  };
+}
+
+function workspaceExtensions(
+  scenario: WebShellDaemonScenario,
+): DaemonWorkspaceExtensionsStatus {
+  return {
+    v: 1,
+    workspaceCwd: scenario.workspaceCwd,
+    initialized: true,
+    extensions: [],
+    errors: [],
+  };
+}
+
+function workspaceVoice(
+  scenario: WebShellDaemonScenario,
+): DaemonWorkspaceVoiceStatus {
+  return {
+    v: 1,
+    workspaceCwd: scenario.workspaceCwd,
+    enabled: false,
+    mode: 'hold',
+    language: 'en',
+    voiceModel: null,
+    availableVoiceModels: [],
+  };
+}
+
+async function json(route: Route, body: unknown, status = 200): Promise<void> {
+  await route.fulfill({
+    status,
+    contentType: 'application/json',
+    headers: {
+      'access-control-allow-origin': '*',
+      'cache-control': 'no-store',
+    },
+    body: JSON.stringify(body),
+  });
+}
+
+async function badRequest(route: Route, error: string): Promise<void> {
+  await json(route, { error }, 400);
+}
+
+async function methodNotAllowed(
+  route: Route,
+  method: string,
+  path: string,
+): Promise<void> {
+  await json(route, { error: `Method not allowed: ${method} ${path}` }, 405);
+}
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/e2e/utils/sseTransport.ts b/packages/web-shell/client/e2e/utils/sseTransport.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3661052b0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/e2e/utils/sseTransport.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+import type { Page } from '@playwright/test';
+
+export interface SseConnectionRecord {
+  url: string;
+  sessionId: string;
+  headers: Record<string, string>;
+  connectedAt: number;
+}
+
+export interface SseTransport<TEvent> {
+  waitForConnection(
+    sessionId?: string,
+    options?: { timeout?: number },
+  ): Promise<SseConnectionRecord>;
+  connections(): Promise<SseConnectionRecord[]>;
+  send(event: TEvent): Promise<void>;
+  burst(events: readonly TEvent[]): Promise<void>;
+  split(event: TEvent, chunkSizes?: readonly number[]): Promise<void>;
+  close(): Promise<void>;
+  error(message?: string): Promise<void>;
+}
+
+interface BrowserSseHarness {
+  connections: SseConnectionRecord[];
+  writeFrame: (frame: string) => void;
+  writeSplitFrame: (frame: string, chunkSizes: readonly number[]) => void;
+  close: () => void;
+  error: (message: string) => void;
+}
+
+declare global {
+  interface Window {
+    __webShellSseHarness?: BrowserSseHarness;
+  }
+}
+
+export async function installSseTransport<TEvent>(
+  page: Page,
+  options: { baseURL: string },
+): Promise<SseTransport<TEvent>> {
+  await page.addInitScript(({ baseURL }) => {
+    const baseOrigin = new URL(baseURL, window.location.href).origin;
+    const originalFetch = window.fetch.bind(window);
+    const encoder = new TextEncoder();
+    const controllers: ReadableStreamDefaultController<Uint8Array>[] = [];
+    const connections: SseConnectionRecord[] = [];
+
+    function removeController(
+      target: ReadableStreamDefaultController<Uint8Array>,
+    ) {
+      const index = controllers.indexOf(target);
+      if (index >= 0) {
+        controllers.splice(index, 1);
+      }
+    }
+
+    function removeConnection(target: SseConnectionRecord) {
+      const index = connections.indexOf(target);
+      if (index >= 0) {
+        connections.splice(index, 1);
+      }
+    }
+
+    function activeControllers() {
+      const active: ReadableStreamDefaultController<Uint8Array>[] = [];
+      for (const controller of controllers) {
+        try {
+          const _desiredSize = controller.desiredSize;
+          active.push(controller);
+        } catch {
+          continue;
+        }
+      }
+      if (active.length !== controllers.length) {
+        controllers.splice(0, controllers.length, ...active);
+      }
+      return active;
+    }
+
+    function writeBytes(bytes: Uint8Array) {
+      for (const controller of activeControllers()) {
+        controller.enqueue(bytes);
+      }
+    }
+
+    function finishActiveStreams(
+      finish: (controller: ReadableStreamDefaultController<Uint8Array>) => void,
+    ) {
+      const active = activeControllers();
+      controllers.length = 0;
+      connections.length = 0;
+      for (const controller of active) {
+        finish(controller);
+      }
+    }
+
+    window.__webShellSseHarness = {
+      connections,
+      writeFrame(frame: string) {
+        writeBytes(encoder.encode(frame));
+      },
+      writeSplitFrame(frame: string, chunkSizes: readonly number[]) {
+        const bytes = encoder.encode(frame);
+        let offset = 0;
+        for (const size of chunkSizes) {
+          const nextOffset = Math.min(bytes.length, offset + Math.max(1, size));
+          writeBytes(bytes.slice(offset, nextOffset));
+          offset = nextOffset;
+          if (offset >= bytes.length) return;
+        }
+        writeBytes(bytes.slice(offset));
+      },
+      close() {
+        finishActiveStreams((controller) => controller.close());
+      },
+      error(message: string) {
+        finishActiveStreams((controller) =>
+          controller.error(new Error(message)),
+        );
+      },
+    };
+
+    window.fetch = (input: RequestInfo | URL, init?: RequestInit) => {
+      const request = new Request(input, init);
+      const url = new URL(request.url, window.location.href);
+      const match =
+        url.origin === baseOrigin &&
+        /^\/session\/[^/]+\/events\/?$/.test(url.pathname);
+
+      if (!match) return originalFetch(input, init);
+
+      const sessionId = decodeURIComponent(url.pathname.split('/')[2] ?? '');
+      let streamController: ReadableStreamDefaultController<Uint8Array> | null =
+        null;
+      let connectionRecord: SseConnectionRecord | null = null;
+      const stream = new ReadableStream<Uint8Array>({
+        start(controller) {
+          streamController = controller;
+          controllers.push(controller);
+          connectionRecord = {
+            url: url.href,
+            sessionId,
+            headers: Object.fromEntries(request.headers.entries()),
+            connectedAt: Date.now(),
+          };
+          connections.push(connectionRecord);
+        },
+        cancel() {
+          if (streamController) {
+            removeController(streamController);
+          }
+          if (connectionRecord) {
+            removeConnection(connectionRecord);
+          }
+        },
+      });
+
+      return Promise.resolve(
+        new Response(stream, {
+          status: 200,
+          headers: {
+            'cache-control': 'no-cache',
+            'content-type': 'text/event-stream',
+          },
+        }),
+      );
+    };
+  }, options);
+
+  const frameFor = (event: TEvent) => `data: ${JSON.stringify(event)}\n\n`;
+
+  const transport: SseTransport<TEvent> = {
+    async waitForConnection(sessionId, { timeout = 10_000 } = {}) {
+      await page.waitForFunction(
+        ({ targetSessionId }) => {
+          const harness = window.__webShellSseHarness;
+          if (!harness) return false;
+          return harness.connections.some(
+            (connection) =>
+              !targetSessionId || connection.sessionId === targetSessionId,
+          );
+        },
+        { targetSessionId: sessionId },
+        { timeout },
+      );
+      const connections = await transport.connections();
+      const match = [...connections]
+        .reverse()
+        .find((connection) => !sessionId || connection.sessionId === sessionId);
+      if (!match) throw new Error('SSE connection was not recorded.');
+      return match;
+    },
+    connections() {
+      return page.evaluate(
+        () => window.__webShellSseHarness?.connections ?? [],
+      );
+    },
+    send(event) {
+      return page.evaluate((frame) => {
+        window.__webShellSseHarness?.writeFrame(frame);
+      }, frameFor(event));
+    },
+    async burst(events) {
+      for (const event of events) {
+        await transport.send(event);
+      }
+    },
+    split(event, chunkSizes = [7, 3, 11]) {
+      return page.evaluate(
+        ({ frame, sizes }) => {
+          window.__webShellSseHarness?.writeSplitFrame(frame, sizes);
+        },
+        { frame: frameFor(event), sizes: chunkSizes },
+      );
+    },
+    close() {
+      return page.evaluate(() => window.__webShellSseHarness?.close());
+    },
+    error(message = 'SSE transport error') {
+      return page.evaluate(
+        (reason) => window.__webShellSseHarness?.error(reason),
+        message,
+      );
+    },
+  };
+  return transport;
+}
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/e2e/web-shell.smoke.spec.ts b/packages/web-shell/client/e2e/web-shell.smoke.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..23481d846b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/e2e/web-shell.smoke.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+import { expect, test, type Page, type TestInfo } from '@playwright/test';
+import {
+  assistantTextEvent,
+  createWebShellDaemonScenario,
+  installMockDaemon,
+  permissionRequestEvent,
+  replayCompleteEvent,
+  turnCompleteEvent,
+  userTextEvent,
+  type DaemonRequestRecord,
+  type MockDaemonController,
+  type WebShellDaemonScenario,
+} from './utils/mockDaemon';
+
+test('loads replayed transcript and connects to fake daemon @smoke', async ({
+  page,
+}, testInfo) => {
+  const scenario = createWebShellDaemonScenario({
+    events: [
+      userTextEvent('Hello from replay', { id: 1 }),
+      assistantTextEvent('Hello from fake daemon', { id: 2 }),
+      turnCompleteEvent('prompt-replay', { id: 3 }),
+    ],
+  });
+  const daemon = await installScenario(page, scenario, testInfo);
+
+  await gotoSession(page, scenario, daemon);
+
+  await expect(page.locator('[data-web-shell-message-list]')).toContainText(
+    'Hello from replay',
+  );
+  await expect(page.locator('[data-web-shell-message-list]')).toContainText(
+    'Hello from fake daemon',
+  );
+});
+
+test('submits a prompt and renders a streamed assistant response @smoke', async ({
+  page,
+}, testInfo) => {
+  const scenario = createWebShellDaemonScenario();
+  const daemon = await installScenario(page, scenario, testInfo);
+
+  await gotoSession(page, scenario, daemon);
+  await fillComposer(page, 'Ping from browser smoke');
+  await page.locator('[data-web-shell-composer-submit]').click();
+
+  await expect.poll(() => daemon.promptRequests().length).toBe(1);
+  const promptRequest = firstRequest(daemon.promptRequests());
+  expect(promptRequest.method).toBe('POST');
+  expect(promptRequest.path).toBe(`/session/${scenario.sessionId}/prompt`);
+  expectPromptBodyToContainText(
+    requestBodyRecord(promptRequest),
+    'Ping from browser smoke',
+  );
+
+  await daemon.sse.split(assistantTextEvent('Pong from fake SSE', { id: 10 }));
+  await daemon.sendEvent(turnCompleteEvent('prompt-e2e', { id: 11 }));
+
+  await expect(page.locator('[data-web-shell-message-list]')).toContainText(
+    'Pong from fake SSE',
+  );
+});
+
+test('keeps later SSE connections alive when an earlier one is cancelled @smoke', async ({
+  page,
+}, testInfo) => {
+  const scenario = createWebShellDaemonScenario();
+  const daemon = await installScenario(page, scenario, testInfo);
+
+  await gotoSession(page, scenario, daemon);
+  await page.reload();
+  await daemon.sse.waitForConnection(scenario.sessionId);
+  await completeReplay(page, daemon, scenario.sessionId);
+  await fillComposer(page, 'Second connection should still stream');
+  await page.locator('[data-web-shell-composer-submit]').click();
+
+  await expect.poll(() => daemon.promptRequests().length).toBe(1);
+  await daemon.sse.split(
+    assistantTextEvent('Reconnect-safe SSE payload', { id: 20 }),
+  );
+  await daemon.sendEvent(turnCompleteEvent('prompt-reconnect', { id: 21 }));
+
+  await expect(page.locator('[data-web-shell-message-list]')).toContainText(
+    'Reconnect-safe SSE payload',
+  );
+});
+
+test('clears fake SSE connection records when streams close or error @smoke', async ({
+  page,
+}, testInfo) => {
+  const scenario = createWebShellDaemonScenario();
+  const daemon = await installScenario(page, scenario, testInfo);
+  const baseURL = String(testInfo.project.use.baseURL);
+
+  await page.goto('data:text/html,<html></html>');
+  await openRawSseConnection(page, baseURL, scenario.sessionId);
+  const firstConnection = await daemon.sse.waitForConnection(
+    scenario.sessionId,
+  );
+  expect(firstConnection.sessionId).toBe(scenario.sessionId);
+
+  await daemon.sse.close();
+  await expect
+    .poll(async () => (await daemon.sse.connections()).length)
+    .toBe(0);
+
+  await openRawSseConnection(page, baseURL, scenario.sessionId);
+  const secondConnection = await daemon.sse.waitForConnection(
+    scenario.sessionId,
+  );
+  expect(secondConnection.sessionId).toBe(scenario.sessionId);
+
+  await daemon.sse.error('test SSE error');
+  await expect
+    .poll(async () => (await daemon.sse.connections()).length)
+    .toBe(0);
+});
+
+test('submits permission decisions through the fake daemon @smoke', async ({
+  page,
+}, testInfo) => {
+  const scenario = createWebShellDaemonScenario({
+    events: [permissionRequestEvent('perm-1', { id: 1 })],
+  });
+  const daemon = await installScenario(page, scenario, testInfo);
+
+  await gotoSession(page, scenario, daemon);
+
+  await expect(page.locator('[data-web-shell-permission-panel]')).toBeVisible();
+  await page
+    .locator('[data-web-shell-permission-option][data-option-id="allow_once"]')
+    .click();
+
+  await expect.poll(() => daemon.permissionRequests().length).toBe(1);
+  const permissionRequest = firstRequest(daemon.permissionRequests());
+  expect(permissionRequest.method).toBe('POST');
+  expect(permissionRequest.path).toBe(
+    `/session/${scenario.sessionId}/permission/perm-1`,
+  );
+  expect(requestBodyRecord(permissionRequest)).toEqual({
+    outcome: { outcome: 'selected', optionId: 'allow_once' },
+  });
+});
+
+test('opens slash menu, resume dialog, model dialog, and theme dialog @smoke', async ({
+  page,
+}, testInfo) => {
+  const resumedSessionId = 'previous-session';
+  const scenario = createWebShellDaemonScenario();
+  const daemon = await installScenario(page, scenario, testInfo);
+
+  await gotoSession(page, scenario, daemon);
+  await fillComposer(page, '/');
+  await expect(page.locator('[data-web-shell-slash-menu]')).toBeVisible();
+
+  await submitLocalCommand(page, '/resume');
+  await expect(page.locator('[data-web-shell-resume-dialog]')).toBeVisible();
+  await page
+    .locator(
+      `[data-web-shell-resume-session][data-session-id="${resumedSessionId}"]`,
+    )
+    .click();
+  await expect(page.locator('[data-web-shell-resume-dialog]')).toHaveCount(0);
+  await completeReplay(page, daemon, resumedSessionId);
+
+  await submitLocalCommand(page, '/model');
+  await expect(page.locator('[data-web-shell-model-dialog]')).toBeVisible();
+  await page
+    .locator('[data-web-shell-model-option][data-model-id="qwen-test-alt"]')
+    .click();
+  await expect(page.locator('[data-web-shell-model-dialog]')).toHaveCount(0);
+  await expect.poll(() => daemon.modelRequests().length).toBe(1);
+  const modelRequest = firstRequest(daemon.modelRequests());
+  expect(modelRequest.method).toBe('POST');
+  expect(modelRequest.path).toBe(`/session/${resumedSessionId}/model`);
+  expect(requestBodyRecord(modelRequest)).toEqual({
+    modelId: 'qwen-test-alt',
+  });
+
+  await page.reload();
+  await completeReplay(page, daemon);
+  await submitLocalCommand(page, '/model');
+  await expect(page.locator('[data-web-shell-model-dialog]')).toBeVisible();
+  await expect(
+    page.locator(
+      '[data-web-shell-model-option][data-model-id="qwen-test-alt"]',
+    ),
+  ).toHaveAttribute('aria-selected', 'true');
+  await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'close' }).click();
+  await expect(page.locator('[data-web-shell-model-dialog]')).toHaveCount(0);
+
+  await submitLocalCommand(page, '/theme');
+  await expect(page.locator('[data-web-shell-theme-dialog]')).toBeVisible();
+  await page
+    .locator('[data-web-shell-theme-option][data-theme-id="light"]')
+    .click();
+  await expect(page.locator('[data-web-shell-theme-dialog]')).toHaveCount(0);
+});
+
+async function installScenario(
+  page: Page,
+  scenario: WebShellDaemonScenario,
+  testInfo: TestInfo,
+): Promise<MockDaemonController> {
+  return installMockDaemon(page, scenario, {
+    baseURL: String(testInfo.project.use.baseURL),
+  });
+}
+
+async function gotoSession(
+  page: Page,
+  scenario: WebShellDaemonScenario,
+  daemon: MockDaemonController,
+): Promise<void> {
+  await page.goto(`/session/${encodeURIComponent(scenario.sessionId)}`);
+  await expect(page.locator('[data-web-shell-root]')).toBeVisible();
+  await completeReplay(
+    page,
+    daemon,
+    scenario.sessionId,
+    scenario.events.length,
+  );
+}
+
+async function completeReplay(
+  page: Page,
+  daemon: MockDaemonController,
+  sessionId?: string,
+  replayedCount = 0,
+): Promise<void> {
+  const connection = await daemon.sse.waitForConnection(sessionId);
+  await daemon.sendEvent(
+    replayCompleteEvent({
+      sessionId: connection.sessionId,
+      replayedCount,
+    }),
+  );
+  await expect(page.getByText('Loading...')).toHaveCount(0);
+}
+
+async function fillComposer(page: Page, text: string): Promise<void> {
+  const editor = page.locator('[data-web-shell-composer-editor] .cm-content');
+  await editor.click();
+  await page.keyboard.press(
+    process.platform === 'darwin' ? 'Meta+A' : 'Control+A',
+  );
+  await page.keyboard.type(text);
+}
+
+async function submitLocalCommand(page: Page, text: string): Promise<void> {
+  await fillComposer(page, text);
+  await page.locator('[data-web-shell-composer-submit]').click();
+}
+
+async function openRawSseConnection(
+  page: Page,
+  baseURL: string,
+  sessionId: string,
+): Promise<void> {
+  await page.evaluate(
+    async ({ baseURL, sessionId }) => {
+      const response = await fetch(
+        `${baseURL}/session/${encodeURIComponent(sessionId)}/events`,
+      );
+      const holder = window as Window & {
+        __webShellRawSseResponses?: Response[];
+      };
+      holder.__webShellRawSseResponses ??= [];
+      holder.__webShellRawSseResponses.push(response);
+    },
+    { baseURL, sessionId },
+  );
+}
+
+function firstRequest(
+  requests: readonly DaemonRequestRecord[],
+): DaemonRequestRecord {
+  const request = requests[0];
+  if (!request) throw new Error('Expected a recorded daemon request.');
+  return request;
+}
+
+function requestBodyRecord(
+  request: DaemonRequestRecord,
+): Record<string, unknown> {
+  expect(typeof request.body).toBe('object');
+  expect(request.body).not.toBeNull();
+  expect(Array.isArray(request.body)).toBe(false);
+  return request.body as Record<string, unknown>;
+}
+
+function expectPromptBodyToContainText(
+  body: Record<string, unknown>,
+  text: string,
+): void {
+  const prompt = body['prompt'];
+  expect(Array.isArray(prompt)).toBe(true);
+  const blocks = prompt as readonly unknown[];
+  expect(
+    blocks.some(
+      (block) =>
+        isRecord(block) && block['type'] === 'text' && block['text'] === text,
+    ),
+  ).toBe(true);
+}
+
+function isRecord(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
+  return typeof value === 'object' && value !== null;
+}
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/extensions/inputHighlight.ts b/packages/web-shell/client/extensions/inputHighlight.ts
index 9b8a2adec9..8dd544d970 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/client/extensions/inputHighlight.ts
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/extensions/inputHighlight.ts
@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 import {
   ViewPlugin,
   Decoration,
-  DecorationSet,
   EditorView,
-  ViewUpdate,
   WidgetType,
 } from '@codemirror/view';
+import type { DecorationSet, ViewUpdate } from '@codemirror/view';
 import { RangeSetBuilder } from '@codemirror/state';
 import type { CommandInfo } from '../adapters/types';
 import { getSlashCommandArgumentHint } from '../completions/slashCompletion';
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/hooks/useQueuedPrompts.ts b/packages/web-shell/client/hooks/useQueuedPrompts.ts
index 38d4951459..08c239727a 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/client/hooks/useQueuedPrompts.ts
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/hooks/useQueuedPrompts.ts
@@ -533,7 +533,6 @@ export function useQueuedPrompts({
     if (streamingState !== 'idle') return;
     const ctrl = midTurnEnqueueAbortRef.current;
     if (!ctrl) return;
-    console.debug('[mid-turn] turn settled; cancelling any in-flight push');
     ctrl.abort();
     midTurnEnqueueAbortRef.current = null;
   }, [streamingState]);
@@ -914,16 +913,6 @@ export function useQueuedPrompts({
     useDaemonMidTurnInjected();
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!sessionId || midTurnInjectedBatches.length === 0) return;
-    if (
-      clientId === undefined &&
-      midTurnInjectedBatches.some(
-        (b) => b.sessionId === sessionId && b.originatorClientId !== undefined,
-      )
-    ) {
-      console.debug(
-        '[mid-turn] originator-stamped batches but no client id; dedupe skipped (may resend next turn)',
-      );
-    }
     const next = removeInjectedFromQueue(
       queuedPromptsRef.current,
       midTurnInjectedBatches,
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/index.html b/packages/web-shell/client/index.html
index 30564df443..b55bc7d1f0 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/client/index.html
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/index.html
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html>
+<!doctype html>
 <html lang="en">
   <head>
     <meta charset="UTF-8" />
@@ -55,7 +55,19 @@
       because logComponentRender only exists in react-dom development bundles.
     -->
     <script>
-      !function(){if(typeof performance==='undefined'||!performance.measure)return;var m=performance.measure.bind(performance);performance.measure=function(){try{return m.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){if(e instanceof DOMException&&e.name==='DataCloneError')return;throw e}}}();
+      !(function () {
+        if (typeof performance === 'undefined' || !performance.measure) return;
+        var m = performance.measure.bind(performance);
+        performance.measure = function () {
+          try {
+            return m.apply(this, arguments);
+          } catch (e) {
+            if (e instanceof DOMException && e.name === 'DataCloneError')
+              return;
+            throw e;
+          }
+        };
+      })();
     </script>
     <div id="root"></div>
     <script type="module" src="/main.tsx"></script>
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/test/reactHarness.tsx b/packages/web-shell/client/test/reactHarness.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..78cfee84cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/test/reactHarness.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import { act, type ReactNode } from 'react';
+import { createRoot, type Root } from 'react-dom/client';
+
+const mounted: Array<{ root: Root; container: HTMLElement }> = [];
+
+export function mountReact(node: ReactNode): HTMLElement {
+  const container = document.createElement('div');
+  document.body.appendChild(container);
+  const root = createRoot(container);
+  act(() => {
+    root.render(node);
+  });
+  mounted.push({ root, container });
+  return container;
+}
+
+export function cleanupReact(): void {
+  for (const { root, container } of mounted.splice(0)) {
+    act(() => {
+      root.unmount();
+    });
+    container.remove();
+  }
+}
+
+export async function flushReact(): Promise<void> {
+  await act(async () => {
+    await Promise.resolve();
+    await Promise.resolve();
+  });
+}
+
+export function immediateClipboardWrite(): Promise<void> {
+  return {
+    then(onFulfilled?: (value: void) => unknown) {
+      onFulfilled?.(undefined);
+      return Promise.resolve();
+    },
+  } as Promise<void>;
+}
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/test/setup.ts b/packages/web-shell/client/test/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79d2dfd9d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/test/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+import { vi } from 'vitest';
+
+(
+  globalThis as { IS_REACT_ACT_ENVIRONMENT?: boolean }
+).IS_REACT_ACT_ENVIRONMENT = true;
+
+const globalWithDom = globalThis as typeof globalThis & {
+  Element?: typeof Element;
+  ResizeObserver?: typeof ResizeObserver;
+};
+
+if (typeof globalWithDom.ResizeObserver === 'undefined') {
+  globalWithDom.ResizeObserver = class ResizeObserverStub {
+    observe() {}
+    unobserve() {}
+    disconnect() {}
+  } as typeof ResizeObserver;
+}
+
+if (
+  typeof globalWithDom.Element !== 'undefined' &&
+  !globalWithDom.Element.prototype.scrollIntoView
+) {
+  globalWithDom.Element.prototype.scrollIntoView = () => {};
+}
+
+if (typeof navigator !== 'undefined' && !navigator.clipboard) {
+  Object.defineProperty(navigator, 'clipboard', {
+    configurable: true,
+    value: {
+      writeText: vi.fn(() => Promise.resolve()),
+    },
+  });
+}
+
+if (typeof window !== 'undefined' && !window.matchMedia) {
+  Object.defineProperty(window, 'matchMedia', {
+    configurable: true,
+    writable: true,
+    value: vi.fn((query: string) => ({
+      matches: false,
+      media: query,
+      onchange: null,
+      addListener: vi.fn(),
+      removeListener: vi.fn(),
+      addEventListener: vi.fn(),
+      removeEventListener: vi.fn(),
+      dispatchEvent: vi.fn(),
+    })),
+  });
+}
+
+if (typeof navigator !== 'undefined' && !navigator.mediaDevices) {
+  Object.defineProperty(navigator, 'mediaDevices', {
+    configurable: true,
+    value: {
+      getUserMedia: vi.fn(() =>
+        Promise.reject(new Error('getUserMedia is not mocked for this test')),
+      ),
+    },
+  });
+}
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/client/voice/VoiceButton.tsx b/packages/web-shell/client/voice/VoiceButton.tsx
index affe9332e7..56b6d78d47 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/client/voice/VoiceButton.tsx
+++ b/packages/web-shell/client/voice/VoiceButton.tsx
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
  */
 
-import React, { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
+import type React from 'react';
+import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
 import { useWorkspace } from '@qwen-code/webui/daemon-react-sdk';
 import { useI18n } from '../i18n';
 import { useVoiceCapture } from './useVoiceCapture';
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/package.json b/packages/web-shell/package.json
index cbff9f7cb1..d6cba6ff9d 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/package.json
+++ b/packages/web-shell/package.json
@@ -19,8 +19,17 @@
   "scripts": {
     "dev": "vite",
     "build": "vite build && vite build --config vite.lib.config.ts && tsc -p tsconfig.lib.json",
-    "test": "vitest run",
-    "test:ci": "vitest run"
+    "lint": "cd ../.. && eslint packages/web-shell --ext .ts,.tsx",
+    "lint:fix": "cd ../.. && eslint packages/web-shell --ext .ts,.tsx --fix",
+    "format:check": "cd ../.. && prettier --experimental-cli --check packages/web-shell",
+    "typecheck": "tsc -p tsconfig.json --noEmit",
+    "test": "vitest run --config vitest.config.ts",
+    "test:ci": "vitest run --config vitest.config.ts --coverage",
+    "test:coverage": "vitest run --config vitest.config.ts --coverage",
+    "test:e2e:smoke": "playwright test --config playwright.config.ts --grep @smoke",
+    "test:e2e": "playwright test --config playwright.config.ts",
+    "test:e2e:report": "playwright show-report client/e2e/playwright-report",
+    "verify": "npm run lint && npm run format:check && npm run typecheck && npm run test:ci"
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "@codemirror/autocomplete": "^6.18.0",
@@ -46,6 +55,7 @@
     "react-dom": "^18.0.0 || ^19.0.0"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
+    "@playwright/test": "^1.57.0",
     "@qwen-code/sdk": "file:../sdk-typescript",
     "@qwen-code/webui": "file:../webui",
     "@types/node": "^22.0.0",
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/playwright.config.ts b/packages/web-shell/playwright.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d872e8b956
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web-shell/playwright.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+import { defineConfig, devices } from '@playwright/test';
+
+const port = Number(process.env['PLAYWRIGHT_PORT'] ?? 5174);
+const baseURL =
+  process.env['PLAYWRIGHT_BASE_URL'] ?? `http://127.0.0.1:${port}`;
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  testDir: './client/e2e',
+  outputDir: './client/e2e/test-results',
+  timeout: 60_000,
+  expect: {
+    timeout: 10_000,
+  },
+  forbidOnly: !!process.env['CI'],
+  retries: process.env['CI'] ? 2 : 0,
+  reporter: [
+    ['line'],
+    ['html', { outputFolder: 'client/e2e/playwright-report', open: 'never' }],
+  ],
+  webServer: {
+    command: `npm run dev -- --host 127.0.0.1 --port ${port}`,
+    url: baseURL,
+    reuseExistingServer: !process.env['CI'],
+    timeout: 120_000,
+  },
+  use: {
+    baseURL,
+    trace: 'on-first-retry',
+    screenshot: 'only-on-failure',
+    video: 'retain-on-failure',
+  },
+  projects: [
+    {
+      name: 'chromium',
+      use: { ...devices['Desktop Chrome'] },
+    },
+  ],
+});
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/tsconfig.json b/packages/web-shell/tsconfig.json
index ef4f0825c3..c4809908d7 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/tsconfig.json
+++ b/packages/web-shell/tsconfig.json
@@ -10,5 +10,12 @@
     "noEmit": true
   },
   "include": ["client/**/*.ts", "client/**/*.tsx"],
-  "exclude": ["node_modules", "dist"]
+  "exclude": [
+    "client/**/*.test.ts",
+    "client/**/*.test.tsx",
+    "client/e2e/**",
+    "client/test/**",
+    "node_modules",
+    "dist"
+  ]
 }
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/tsconfig.lib.json b/packages/web-shell/tsconfig.lib.json
index 89e814f735..e8be5a298a 100644
--- a/packages/web-shell/tsconfig.lib.json
+++ b/packages/web-shell/tsconfig.lib.json
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@
   "exclude": [
     "client/**/*.test.ts",
     "client/**/*.test.tsx",
+    "client/e2e/**",
+    "client/test/**",
     "node_modules",
     "dist"
   ]
diff --git a/packages/web-shell/vitest.config.ts b/packages/web-shell/vitest.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c6bd5a2583
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web-shell/vitest.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import { configDefaults, defineConfig } from 'vitest/config';
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: 'client',
+  test: {
+    setupFiles: ['./test/setup.ts'],
+    exclude: [...configDefaults.exclude, 'e2e/**'],
+    reporters: ['default', ['junit', { suiteName: '@qwen-code/web-shell' }]],
+    outputFile: {
+      junit: '../junit.xml',
+    },
+    coverage: {
+      provider: 'v8',
+      reportsDirectory: '../coverage',
+      reporter: ['text-summary', 'json-summary', 'html'],
+      include: ['**/*.{ts,tsx}'],
+      exclude: [
+        '**/*.test.{ts,tsx}',
+        '**/test/**',
+        '**/e2e/**',
+        '**/*.d.ts',
+        'vite-env.d.ts',
+      ],
+    },
+  },
+});