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docs/users/features/skills.md
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docs/users/features/skills.md
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# Agent Skills (Experimental)
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> Create, manage, and share Skills to extend Qwen Code’s capabilities.
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This guide shows you how to create, use, and manage Agent Skills in **Qwen Code**. Skills are modular capabilities that extend the model’s effectiveness through organized folders containing instructions (and optionally scripts/resources).
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> [!note]
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>
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> Skills are currently **experimental** and must be enabled with `--experimental-skills`.
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## Prerequisites
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- Qwen Code (recent version)
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- Run with the experimental flag enabled:
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```bash
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qwen --experimental-skills
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```
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- Basic familiarity with Qwen Code ([Quickstart](../quickstart))
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## What are Agent Skills?
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Agent Skills package expertise into discoverable capabilities. Each Skill consists of a `SKILL.md` file with instructions that the model can load when relevant, plus optional supporting files like scripts and templates.
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### How Skills are invoked
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Skills are **model-invoked** — the model autonomously decides when to use them based on your request and the Skill’s description. This is different from slash commands, which are **user-invoked** (you explicitly type `/command`).
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### Benefits
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- Extend Qwen Code for your workflows
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- Share expertise across your team via git
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- Reduce repetitive prompting
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- Compose multiple Skills for complex tasks
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## Create a Skill
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Skills are stored as directories containing a `SKILL.md` file.
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### Personal Skills
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Personal Skills are available across all your projects. Store them in `~/.qwen/skills/`:
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```bash
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mkdir -p ~/.qwen/skills/my-skill-name
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```
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Use personal Skills for:
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- Your individual workflows and preferences
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- Experimental Skills you’re developing
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- Personal productivity helpers
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### Project Skills
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Project Skills are shared with your team. Store them in `.qwen/skills/` within your project:
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```bash
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mkdir -p .qwen/skills/my-skill-name
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```
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Use project Skills for:
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- Team workflows and conventions
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- Project-specific expertise
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- Shared utilities and scripts
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Project Skills can be checked into git and automatically become available to teammates.
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## Write `SKILL.md`
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Create a `SKILL.md` file with YAML frontmatter and Markdown content:
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```yaml
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---
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name: your-skill-name
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description: Brief description of what this Skill does and when to use it
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---
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# Your Skill Name
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## Instructions
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Provide clear, step-by-step guidance for Qwen Code.
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## Examples
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Show concrete examples of using this Skill.
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```
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### Field requirements
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Qwen Code currently validates that:
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- `name` is a non-empty string
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- `description` is a non-empty string
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Recommended conventions (not strictly enforced yet):
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- Use lowercase letters, numbers, and hyphens in `name`
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- Make `description` specific: include both **what** the Skill does and **when** to use it (key words users will naturally mention)
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## Add supporting files
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Create additional files alongside `SKILL.md`:
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```text
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my-skill/
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├── SKILL.md (required)
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├── reference.md (optional documentation)
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├── examples.md (optional examples)
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├── scripts/
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│ └── helper.py (optional utility)
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└── templates/
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└── template.txt (optional template)
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```
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Reference these files from `SKILL.md`:
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````markdown
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For advanced usage, see [reference.md](reference.md).
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Run the helper script:
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```bash
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python scripts/helper.py input.txt
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```
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````
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## View available Skills
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When `--experimental-skills` is enabled, Qwen Code discovers Skills from:
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- Personal Skills: `~/.qwen/skills/`
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- Project Skills: `.qwen/skills/`
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To view available Skills, ask Qwen Code directly:
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```text
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What Skills are available?
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```
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Or inspect the filesystem:
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```bash
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# List personal Skills
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ls ~/.qwen/skills/
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# List project Skills (if in a project directory)
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ls .qwen/skills/
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# View a specific Skill’s content
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cat ~/.qwen/skills/my-skill/SKILL.md
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```
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## Test a Skill
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After creating a Skill, test it by asking questions that match your description.
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Example: if your description mentions “PDF files”:
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```text
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Can you help me extract text from this PDF?
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```
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The model autonomously decides to use your Skill if it matches the request — you don’t need to explicitly invoke it.
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## Debug a Skill
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If Qwen Code doesn’t use your Skill, check these common issues:
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### Make the description specific
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Too vague:
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```yaml
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description: Helps with documents
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```
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Specific:
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```yaml
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description: Extract text and tables from PDF files, fill forms, merge documents. Use when working with PDFs, forms, or document extraction.
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```
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### Verify file path
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- Personal Skills: `~/.qwen/skills/<skill-name>/SKILL.md`
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- Project Skills: `.qwen/skills/<skill-name>/SKILL.md`
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```bash
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# Personal
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ls ~/.qwen/skills/my-skill/SKILL.md
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# Project
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ls .qwen/skills/my-skill/SKILL.md
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```
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### Check YAML syntax
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Invalid YAML prevents the Skill metadata from loading correctly.
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```bash
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cat SKILL.md | head -n 15
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```
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Ensure:
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- Opening `---` on line 1
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- Closing `---` before Markdown content
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- Valid YAML syntax (no tabs, correct indentation)
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### View errors
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Run Qwen Code with debug mode to see Skill loading errors:
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```bash
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qwen --experimental-skills --debug
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```
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## Share Skills with your team
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You can share Skills through project repositories:
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1. Add the Skill under `.qwen/skills/`
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2. Commit and push
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3. Teammates pull the changes and run with `--experimental-skills`
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```bash
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git add .qwen/skills/
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git commit -m "Add team Skill for PDF processing"
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git push
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```
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## Update a Skill
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Edit `SKILL.md` directly:
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```bash
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# Personal Skill
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code ~/.qwen/skills/my-skill/SKILL.md
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# Project Skill
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code .qwen/skills/my-skill/SKILL.md
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```
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Changes take effect the next time you start Qwen Code. If Qwen Code is already running, restart it to load the updates.
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## Remove a Skill
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Delete the Skill directory:
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```bash
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# Personal
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rm -rf ~/.qwen/skills/my-skill
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# Project
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rm -rf .qwen/skills/my-skill
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git commit -m "Remove unused Skill"
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```
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## Best practices
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### Keep Skills focused
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One Skill should address one capability:
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- Focused: “PDF form filling”, “Excel analysis”, “Git commit messages”
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- Too broad: “Document processing” (split into smaller Skills)
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### Write clear descriptions
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Help the model discover when to use Skills by including specific triggers:
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```yaml
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description: Analyze Excel spreadsheets, create pivot tables, and generate charts. Use when working with Excel files, spreadsheets, or .xlsx data.
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```
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### Test with your team
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- Does the Skill activate when expected?
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- Are the instructions clear?
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- Are there missing examples or edge cases?
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