nDPI/src/lib/protocols/rtp.c
2019-07-16 00:02:34 +02:00

419 lines
14 KiB
C

/*
* rtp.c
*
* Copyright (C) 2009-2011 by ipoque GmbH
* Copyright (C) 2011-18 - ntop.org
*
* This file is part of nDPI, an open source deep packet inspection
* library based on the OpenDPI and PACE technology by ipoque GmbH
*
* nDPI is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* nDPI is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
* along with nDPI. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*
*/
#include "ndpi_protocol_ids.h"
#define NDPI_CURRENT_PROTO NDPI_PROTOCOL_RTP
#include "ndpi_api.h"
/* http://www.myskypelab.com/2014/05/microsoft-lync-wireshark-plugin.html */
static u_int8_t isValidMSRTPType(u_int8_t payloadType) {
switch(payloadType) {
case 0: /* G.711 u-Law */
case 3: /* GSM 6.10 */
case 4: /* G.723.1 */
case 8: /* G.711 A-Law */
case 9: /* G.722 */
case 13: /* Comfort Noise */
case 96: /* Dynamic RTP */
case 97: /* Redundant Audio Data Payload */
case 101: /* DTMF */
case 103: /* SILK Narrowband */
case 104: /* SILK Wideband */
case 111: /* Siren */
case 112: /* G.722.1 */
case 114: /* RT Audio Wideband */
case 115: /* RT Audio Narrowband */
case 116: /* G.726 */
case 117: /* G.722 */
case 118: /* Comfort Noise Wideband */
case 34: /* H.263 [MS-H26XPF] */
case 121: /* RT Video */
case 122: /* H.264 [MS-H264PF] */
case 123: /* H.264 FEC [MS-H264PF] */
case 127: /* x-data */
return(1 /* RTP */);
break;
case 200: /* RTCP PACKET SENDER */
case 201: /* RTCP PACKET RECEIVER */
case 202: /* RTCP Source Description */
case 203: /* RTCP Bye */
return(2 /* RTCP */);
break;
default:
return(0);
}
}
/* *************************************************************** */
static void ndpi_rtp_search(struct ndpi_detection_module_struct *ndpi_struct,
struct ndpi_flow_struct *flow,
const u_int8_t * payload, const u_int16_t payload_len) {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "search RTP\n");
if (payload_len < 2)
return;
//struct ndpi_packet_struct *packet = &flow->packet;
u_int8_t payloadType, payload_type = payload[1] & 0x7F;
/* Check whether this is an RTP flow */
if((payload_len >= 12)
&& (((payload[0] & 0xFF) == 0x80) || ((payload[0] & 0xFF) == 0xA0)) /* RTP magic byte[1] */
&& ((payload_type < 72) || (payload_type > 76))
&& ((payload_type <= 34)
|| ((payload_type >= 96) && (payload_type <= 127))
/* http://www.iana.org/assignments/rtp-parameters/rtp-parameters.xhtml */
)
) {
struct ndpi_packet_struct *packet = &flow->packet;
if(packet->iph) {
/* 125.209.252.xxx */
if(((ntohl(packet->iph->saddr) & 0xFFFFFF00 /* 255.255.255.0 */) == 0x7DD1FC00)
|| ((ntohl(packet->iph->daddr) & 0xFFFFFF00 /* 255.255.255.0 */) == 0x7DD1FC00)) {
if((flow->packet.payload[0] == 0x80)
&& ((flow->packet.payload[1] == 0x78) || (flow->packet.payload[1] == 0xE8))
) {
ndpi_set_detected_protocol(ndpi_struct, flow, NDPI_PROTOCOL_LINE, NDPI_PROTOCOL_LINE);
return;
}
}
}
NDPI_LOG_INFO(ndpi_struct, "Found RTP\n");
ndpi_set_detected_protocol(ndpi_struct, flow, NDPI_PROTOCOL_RTP, NDPI_PROTOCOL_UNKNOWN);
return;
} else if((payload_len >= 12)
&& (((payload[0] & 0xFF) == 0x80) || ((payload[0] & 0xFF) == 0xA0)) /* RTP magic byte[1] */
&& (payloadType = isValidMSRTPType(payload[1] & 0xFF))) {
if(payloadType == 1 /* RTP */) {
NDPI_LOG_INFO(ndpi_struct, "Found Skype for Business (former MS Lync)\n");
ndpi_set_detected_protocol(ndpi_struct, flow, NDPI_PROTOCOL_SKYPE, NDPI_PROTOCOL_UNKNOWN);
return;
} else /* RTCP */ {
#if 0
/* If it's RTCP the RTCP decoder will catch it */
NDPI_LOG_INFO(ndpi_struct, "Found MS RTCP\n");
ndpi_set_detected_protocol(ndpi_struct, flow, NDPI_PROTOCOL_RTCP, NDPI_PROTOCOL_UNKNOWN);
return;
#endif
}
}
/* No luck this time */
NDPI_EXCLUDE_PROTO(ndpi_struct, flow);
}
/* *************************************************************** */
void ndpi_search_rtp(struct ndpi_detection_module_struct *ndpi_struct, struct ndpi_flow_struct *flow)
{
struct ndpi_packet_struct *packet = &flow->packet;
/* printf("*** %s(pkt=%d)\n", __FUNCTION__, flow->packet_counter); */
if((packet->udp != NULL)
/* && (ntohs(packet->udp->source) > 1023) */
&& (ntohs(packet->udp->dest) > 1023))
ndpi_rtp_search(ndpi_struct, flow, packet->payload, packet->payload_packet_len);
}
/* *************************************************************** */
#if 0
/* Original (messy) OpenDPI code */
#define RTP_MAX_OUT_OF_ORDER 11
static void ndpi_int_rtp_add_connection(struct ndpi_detection_module_struct
*ndpi_struct, struct ndpi_flow_struct *flow)
{
ndpi_set_detected_protocol(ndpi_struct, flow, NDPI_PROTOCOL_RTP, NDPI_PROTOCOL_UNKNOWN);
}
/*
* maintenance of current highest sequence number, cycle count, packet counter
* adapted from RFC3550 Appendix A.1
*
* In their formulation, it is not possible to represent "no packets sent yet". This is fixed here by defining
* baseseq to be the sequence number of the first packet minus 1 (in other words, the sequence number of the
* zeroth packet).
*
* Note: As described in the RFC, the number of packets received includes retransmitted packets.
* This means the "packets lost" count (seq_num-isn+1)-received can become negative.
*
* include_current_packet should be
* 1, if the current packet should count towards the total, or
* 0, if it it regarded as belonging to the previous reporting interval
*/
#if !defined(WIN32)
static inline
#elif defined(MINGW_GCC)
__mingw_forceinline static
#else
__forceinline static
#endif
void init_seq(struct ndpi_detection_module_struct *ndpi_struct, struct ndpi_flow_struct *flow,
u_int8_t direction, u_int16_t seq, u_int8_t include_current_packet)
{
flow->rtp_seqnum[direction] = seq;
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "rtp_seqnum[%u] = %u\n", direction, seq);
}
/* returns difference between old and new highest sequence number */
#if !defined(WIN32)
static inline
#elif defined(MINGW_GCC)
__mingw_forceinline static
#else
__forceinline static
#endif
u_int16_t update_seq(struct ndpi_detection_module_struct *ndpi_struct, struct ndpi_flow_struct *flow,
u_int8_t direction, u_int16_t seq)
{
u_int16_t delta = seq - flow->rtp_seqnum[direction];
if (delta < RTP_MAX_OUT_OF_ORDER) { /* in order, with permissible gap */
flow->rtp_seqnum[direction] = seq;
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "rtp_seqnum[%u] = %u (increased by %u)\n",
direction, seq, delta);
return delta;
} else {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "retransmission (dir %u, seqnum %u)\n",
direction, seq);
return 0;
}
}
static void ndpi_rtp_search(struct ndpi_detection_module_struct *ndpi_struct,
struct ndpi_flow_struct *flow,
const u_int8_t * payload, const u_int16_t payload_len)
{
struct ndpi_packet_struct *packet = &flow->packet;
u_int8_t stage;
u_int16_t seqnum = ntohs(get_u_int16_t(payload, 2));
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "search rtp\n");
if (payload_len == 4 && get_u_int32_t(packet->payload, 0) == 0 && flow->packet_counter < 8) {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "need next packet, maybe ClearSea out calls\n");
return;
}
if (payload_len == 5 && memcmp(payload, "hello", 5) == 0) {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct,
"need next packet, initial hello packet of SIP out calls.\n");
return;
}
if (payload_len == 1 && payload[0] == 0) {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct,
"need next packet, payload_packet_len == 1 && payload[0] == 0.\n");
return;
}
if (payload_len == 3 && memcmp(payload, "png", 3) == 0) {
/* weird packet found in Ninja GlobalIP trace */
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "skipping packet with len = 3 and png payload\n");
return;
}
if (payload_len < 12) {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "minimal packet size for rtp packets: 12\n");
goto exclude_rtp;
}
if (payload_len == 12 && get_u_int32_t(payload, 0) == 0 && get_u_int32_t(payload, 4) == 0 && get_u_int32_t(payload, 8) == 0) {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "skipping packet with len = 12 and only 0-bytes\n");
return;
}
if ((payload[0] & 0xc0) == 0xc0 || (payload[0] & 0xc0) == 0x40 || (payload[0] & 0xc0) == 0x00) {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "version = 3 || 1 || 0, maybe first rtp packet\n");
return;
}
if ((payload[0] & 0xc0) != 0x80) {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "rtp version must be 2, first two bits of a packets must be 10\n");
goto exclude_rtp;
}
/* rtp_payload_type are the last seven bits of the second byte */
if (flow->rtp_payload_type[packet->packet_direction] != (payload[1] & 0x7F)) {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "payload_type has changed, reset stages\n");
packet->packet_direction == 0 ? (flow->rtp_stage1 = 0) : (flow->rtp_stage2 = 0);
}
/* first bit of first byte is not part of payload_type */
flow->rtp_payload_type[packet->packet_direction] = payload[1] & 0x7F;
stage = (packet->packet_direction == 0 ? flow->rtp_stage1 : flow->rtp_stage2);
if (stage > 0) {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "stage = %u\n", packet->packet_direction == 0 ? flow->rtp_stage1 : flow->rtp_stage2);
if (flow->rtp_ssid[packet->packet_direction] != get_u_int32_t(payload, 8)) {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "ssid has changed, goto exclude rtp\n");
goto exclude_rtp;
}
if (seqnum == flow->rtp_seqnum[packet->packet_direction]) {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "maybe \"retransmission\", need next packet\n");
return;
} else if ((u_int16_t) (seqnum - flow->rtp_seqnum[packet->packet_direction]) < RTP_MAX_OUT_OF_ORDER) {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct,
"new packet has larger sequence number (within valid range)\n");
update_seq(ndpi_struct, flow, packet->packet_direction, seqnum);
} else if ((u_int16_t) (flow->rtp_seqnum[packet->packet_direction] - seqnum) < RTP_MAX_OUT_OF_ORDER) {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct,
"new packet has smaller sequence number (within valid range)\n");
init_seq(ndpi_struct, flow, packet->packet_direction, seqnum, 1);
} else {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct,
"sequence number diff is too big, goto exclude rtp.\n");
goto exclude_rtp;
}
} else {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "rtp_ssid[%u] = %u\n", packet->packet_direction,
flow->rtp_ssid[packet->packet_direction]);
flow->rtp_ssid[packet->packet_direction] = get_u_int32_t(payload, 8);
if (flow->packet_counter < 3) {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "packet_counter < 3, need next packet\n");
}
init_seq(ndpi_struct, flow, packet->packet_direction, seqnum, 1);
}
if (seqnum <= 3) {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "sequence_number = %u, too small, need next packet, return\n", seqnum);
return;
}
if (stage == 3) {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "add connection I\n");
ndpi_int_rtp_add_connection(ndpi_struct, flow);
} else {
packet->packet_direction == 0 ? flow->rtp_stage1++ : flow->rtp_stage2++;
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "stage[%u]++; need next packet\n",
packet->packet_direction);
}
return;
exclude_rtp:
if (packet->detected_protocol_stack[0] == NDPI_PROTOCOL_STUN
|| /* packet->real_protocol_read_only == NDPI_PROTOCOL_STUN */) {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "STUN: is detected, need next packet\n");
return;
}
NDPI_EXCLUDE_PROTO(ndpi_struct, flow);
}
/* *************************************************************** */
void ndpi_search_rtp(struct ndpi_detection_module_struct *ndpi_struct, struct ndpi_flow_struct *flow)
{
struct ndpi_packet_struct *packet = &flow->packet;
if (packet->udp) {
ndpi_rtp_search(ndpi_struct, flow, packet->payload, packet->payload_packet_len);
} else if (packet->tcp) {
/* skip special packets seen at yahoo traces */
if (packet->payload_packet_len >= 20 && ntohs(get_u_int16_t(packet->payload, 2)) + 20 == packet->payload_packet_len &&
packet->payload[0] == 0x90 && packet->payload[1] >= 0x01 && packet->payload[1] <= 0x07) {
if (flow->packet_counter == 2)
flow->l4.tcp.rtp_special_packets_seen = 1;
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct,
"skipping STUN-like, special yahoo packets with payload[0] == 0x90.\n");
return;
}
/* TODO the rtp detection sometimes doesn't exclude rtp
* so for TCP flows only run the detection if STUN has been
* detected (or RTP is already detected)
* If flows will be seen which start directly with RTP
* we can remove this restriction
*/
if (packet->detected_protocol_stack[0] == NDPI_PROTOCOL_STUN
|| packet->detected_protocol_stack[0] == NDPI_PROTOCOL_RTP) {
/* RTP may be encapsulated in TCP packets */
if (packet->payload_packet_len >= 2 && ntohs(get_u_int16_t(packet->payload, 0)) + 2 == packet->payload_packet_len) {
/* TODO there could be several RTP packets in a single TCP packet so maybe the detection could be
* improved by checking only the RTP packet of given length */
ndpi_rtp_search(ndpi_struct, flow, packet->payload + 2, packet->payload_packet_len - 2);
return;
}
}
if (packet->detected_protocol_stack[0] == NDPI_PROTOCOL_UNKNOWN && flow->l4.tcp.rtp_special_packets_seen == 1) {
if (packet->payload_packet_len >= 4 && ntohl(get_u_int32_t(packet->payload, 0)) + 4 == packet->payload_packet_len) {
/* TODO there could be several RTP packets in a single TCP packet so maybe the detection could be
* improved by checking only the RTP packet of given length */
ndpi_rtp_search(ndpi_struct, flow, packet->payload + 4, packet->payload_packet_len - 4);
return;
}
}
if (NDPI_FLOW_PROTOCOL_EXCLUDED(ndpi_struct, flow, NDPI_PROTOCOL_STUN)) {
NDPI_EXCLUDE_PROTO(ndpi_struct, flow);
} else {
NDPI_LOG_DBG(ndpi_struct, "STUN not yet excluded, need next packet\n");
}
}
}
#endif
/* *************************************************************** */
void init_rtp_dissector(struct ndpi_detection_module_struct *ndpi_struct,
u_int32_t *id, NDPI_PROTOCOL_BITMASK *detection_bitmask) {
ndpi_set_bitmask_protocol_detection("RTP", ndpi_struct, detection_bitmask, *id,
NDPI_PROTOCOL_RTP,
ndpi_search_rtp,
NDPI_SELECTION_BITMASK_PROTOCOL_UDP_WITH_PAYLOAD,
SAVE_DETECTION_BITMASK_AS_UNKNOWN,
ADD_TO_DETECTION_BITMASK);
*id += 1;
}