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Kevin Hopper 98d1e92c21
vulkan: tiled transpose for 0<->2 permuted CONT (#26585)
* vulkan: tiled transpose for 0<->2 permuted CONT

-ggml_vk_get_cpy_pipeline only routed to the tiled shared-memory transpose
shader when dim1 was the innermost dimension, i.e. ggml_transpose (a 0<->1
swap). A 0<->2 swap -- ggml_cont(ggml_permute(x, 2, 1, 0, 3)) -- fell back to
the generic per-element strided copy, whose source reads stride by ne0*ne1
elements: one cache line per lane.

-DeepSeek-V4's lightning indexer performs exactly that permute on a
[n_kv, n_tokens, n_head] tensor. On Vulkan/RADV gfx1151 it ran at ~1-9 GB/s of
a ~200 GB/s part and accounted for 43% of total prefill time.

-Add copy_transpose_02.comp, mirroring copy_transpose.comp but tiling over dst
dims (0, 2) with dims 1 and 3 as the batch, so reads walk src dim2 and writes
walk dst dim0 -- both contiguous. The selection condition additionally requires
a non-contiguous source and a contiguous destination so it cannot take cases
the contiguous-copy shader already handles.

-test-backend-ops only exercised ggml_transpose for CONT, so the strided path
was untested. Add test_cont_permute covering (2,1,0,3), (1,2,0,3) and (0,2,1,3)
over f32/f16 at tile-aligned, tile-unaligned and large shapes. The large shapes
are in the eval set rather than only in perf because perf mode does not verify
results.

-Measured on gfx1151, ne=[n_kv,64,64,1], perm=(2,1,0,3), f32:

  n_kv=1024:   9.08 ->  579.85 GB/s
  n_kv=1280:  20.03 ->  153.71 GB/s
  n_kv=2048:   7.11 ->   91.68 GB/s
  n_kv=2304:  16.24 ->   86.49 GB/s

-The ~2.2x penalty previously seen at power-of-two n_kv (destination-stride
aliasing) is gone. End to end, DeepSeek-V4-Flash IQ3_XXS prefill on a 9k-token
prompt goes from 56.33 t/s to 103.74 t/s (+84%).

-Note: at n_tokens=512 a single slow-path dispatch takes ~273 ms and looping it
in perf mode can trip the GPU watchdog, so the perf cases use n_tokens=64.

* tests: fold test_cont_permute into test_cont, add L2-exceeding perf shapes

Review feedback: test_cont gains a permute parameter ({0,0,0,0} = none),
matching test_mul_mat's pattern, and the separate struct is gone. Perf
adds [n_kv, 512, 64, 1] variants (~0.5 GB per run) that exceed GPU L2,
since the 64-token shapes fit in cache on large parts and read above
memory bandwidth.

* tests: trim perf-case comment to the two-line summary

* vulkan: trim comments on the 0<->2 transpose path

Drop the shader file header, the read/write block comments and the
rationale prose in the CONT test cases. Keep the tile-shape and
bank-conflict notes and the permute parameter documentation.

---------

Co-authored-by: Kevin Hopper <no-reply@maestro.press>
2026-08-19 10:20:21 +02:00
.devops ci : Update OpenVINO to 2026.3, skip nemotron-h rollback test (#27292) 2026-08-18 12:02:22 +02:00
.gemini contributing: tighten AI usage policy (#18388) 2025-12-29 16:01:32 +01:00
.github ci : add attestation for signed release artifacts (#25933) 2026-08-19 10:23:52 +03:00
.pi/gg ci : reduce builds in build-xcframework.sh (#27252) 2026-08-17 14:53:21 +03:00
app cmake : introduce semantic versioning (#26839) 2026-08-12 14:15:03 +02:00
benches benches : add Nemotron 3 Nano on DGX Spark (#20652) 2026-03-16 21:50:43 +02:00
ci ci : Update OpenVINO to 2026.3, skip nemotron-h rollback test (#27292) 2026-08-18 12:02:22 +02:00
cmake cmake : introduce semantic versioning (#26839) 2026-08-12 14:15:03 +02:00
common common: share thread pools when n_threads differ (#27138) 2026-08-18 16:23:43 +02:00
conversion model: support speculators-format checkpoints for DSpark (#26275) 2026-08-17 13:51:06 +02:00
docs ci : Update OpenVINO to 2026.3, skip nemotron-h rollback test (#27292) 2026-08-18 12:02:22 +02:00
examples build : fix xcframework + cmake clean-up (#27304) 2026-08-18 11:16:51 +03:00
ggml vulkan: tiled transpose for 0<->2 permuted CONT (#26585) 2026-08-19 10:20:21 +02:00
gguf-py gguf-py : add size guards to GGUFReader (#27188) 2026-08-19 09:35:27 +03:00
grammars docs : fix typos in CUDA-FEDORA.md and grammars/README.md (#24459) 2026-06-15 01:33:38 +08:00
include cmake : introduce semantic versioning (#26839) 2026-08-12 14:15:03 +02:00
licenses refactor : remove libcurl, use OpenSSL when available (#18828) 2026-01-14 18:02:47 +01:00
media media : add transparent icon svg and png [no ci] (#15891) 2025-09-10 14:51:28 +03:00
models model: add Kimi-K3 text model (#26185) 2026-08-15 17:11:05 +02:00
pocs libs : rename libcommon -> libllama-common (#21936) 2026-04-17 11:11:46 +03:00
requirements requirements: use stable torch packages on s390x (#26864) 2026-08-11 21:58:53 +08:00
scripts sync : ggml 2026-08-18 11:30:03 +03:00
skills fix: check gguf array type before reading (#27075) 2026-08-15 11:45:30 +02:00
src quant : Optimise memory usage by evicting weights after processing each layer (#22877) 2026-08-18 16:22:32 +02:00
tests vulkan: tiled transpose for 0<->2 permuted CONT (#26585) 2026-08-19 10:20:21 +02:00
tools server: (cosmetic) do not print cmd_child_to_router messages [no release] (#27347) 2026-08-19 01:45:56 +02:00
vendor build : fix xcframework + cmake clean-up (#27304) 2026-08-18 11:16:51 +03:00
.clang-format fix: apply clang-format to CUDA macros (#16017) 2025-09-16 08:59:19 +02:00
.clang-tidy clang-tidy : disable warning about performance enum size (#16127) 2025-09-22 19:57:46 +02:00
.dockerignore docker : prebuild web UI for s390x build [no release] (#24829) 2026-06-20 05:54:42 -05:00
.ecrc common : Update stb_image.h to latest version (#9161) 2024-08-27 08:58:50 +03:00
.editorconfig ui: Restructure repo to use tools/ui folder and ui / UI / llama-ui / LLAMA_UI naming (#23064) 2026-05-16 02:02:40 +02:00
.flake8 llama : move end-user examples to tools directory (#13249) 2025-05-02 20:27:13 +02:00
.gitignore ui: PWA support (#23871) 2026-06-12 15:53:26 +02:00
.gitmodules ggml : remove kompute backend (#14501) 2025-07-03 07:48:32 +03:00
.pre-commit-config.yaml convert.py : add python logging instead of print() (#6511) 2024-05-03 22:36:41 +03:00
AGENTS.md agents: clarify comment style and jinja knowledge (#26405) 2026-08-01 18:45:46 +02:00
AUTHORS readme : update status badges + regen AUTHORS (#27317) 2026-08-18 14:35:04 +03:00
build-xcframework.sh build : fix xcframework + cmake clean-up (#27304) 2026-08-18 11:16:51 +03:00
CLAUDE.md contributing: tighten AI usage policy (#18388) 2025-12-29 16:01:32 +01:00
CMakeLists.txt build : fix xcframework + cmake clean-up (#27304) 2026-08-18 11:16:51 +03:00
CMakePresets.json cmake : Add CMake presets for Linux and GCC (#14656) 2025-07-13 08:12:36 +03:00
CODEOWNERS HIP: remove rocWMMA FlashAttention (#26046) 2026-07-24 17:53:54 +02:00
CONTRIBUTING.md contrib : add guideline about the "merge ready" label (#26178) 2026-07-28 08:41:04 +03:00
convert_hf_to_gguf.py convert: add option to create separate dspark GGUF (#26452) 2026-08-02 23:16:31 +08:00
convert_hf_to_gguf_update.py Add support for Laguna XS.2 & M.1 (#25165) 2026-07-22 09:54:08 +08:00
convert_llama_ggml_to_gguf.py ci : switch from pyright to ty (#20826) 2026-03-21 08:54:34 +01:00
convert_lora_to_gguf.py convert : fix lora base model arch retrieval (#24621) 2026-06-15 00:55:26 +02:00
flake.nix fix(nix): remove non-functional llama-cpp cachix cache from flake.nix (#15295) 2025-08-13 11:21:31 -07:00
LICENSE docs : Minor cleanups (#19252) 2026-02-02 08:38:55 +02:00
Makefile make : remove make in favor of CMake (#15449) 2025-08-20 13:31:16 +03:00
mypy.ini convert : partially revert PR #4818 (#5041) 2024-01-20 18:14:18 -05:00
pyproject.toml model: add Mellum architecture (#23966) 2026-06-02 22:11:12 +03:00
pyrightconfig.json ci : switch from pyright to ty (#20826) 2026-03-21 08:54:34 +01:00
README.md readme : update status badges + regen AUTHORS (#27317) 2026-08-18 14:35:04 +03:00
requirements.txt tool-call: fix Qwen 2.5 Coder support, add micro benchmarks, support trigger patterns for lazy grammars (#12034) 2025-03-05 13:05:13 +00:00
SECURITY.md security : clarify about AI-generated reports (#26579) 2026-08-05 13:27:06 +02:00
ty.toml mtmd : DeepSeek-OCR image processing fixes, img_tool::resize padding refactor (#23345) 2026-05-20 17:37:10 +02:00

llama.cpp

llama

Quick start

A few options to get llama.cpp installed on your machine:

Once installed:

# Download and run a model directly from Hugging Face
llama cli -hf ggml-org/Qwen3.5-0.8B-GGUF

# Launch OpenAI-compatible API server
llama serve -hf ggml-org/Qwen3.5-0.8B-GGUF
VLM session with `llama cli` VLM session with llama cli Built-in web UI against `llama serve` running Qwen 3.6 Built-in web UI against llama serve

Description

The main goal of llama.cpp is to enable LLM (and VLM) inference with minimal setup and state-of-the-art performance on a wide range of hardware - locally and in the cloud.

  • Plain C/C++ implementation without any dependencies
  • Apple silicon is a first-class citizen - optimized via ARM NEON, Accelerate and Metal frameworks
  • AVX, AVX2, AVX512 and AMX support for x86 architectures
  • RVV, ZVFH, ZFH, ZICBOP and ZIHINTPAUSE support for RISC-V architectures
  • 1.5-bit, 2-bit, 3-bit, 4-bit, 5-bit, 6-bit, and 8-bit integer quantization for faster inference and reduced memory use
  • Custom CUDA kernels for running LLMs on NVIDIA GPUs (support for AMD GPUs via HIP and Moore Threads GPUs via MUSA)
  • Vulkan and SYCL backend support
  • CPU+GPU hybrid inference to partially accelerate models larger than the total VRAM capacity

The llama.cpp project is build on top of the ggml library.

Supported backends

Backend Target devices
BLAS All
BLIS All
CANN Ascend NPU
CUDA Nvidia GPU
HIP AMD GPU
Hexagon [In Progress] Snapdragon
IBM zDNN IBM Z & LinuxONE
MUSA Moore Threads GPU
Metal Apple Silicon
OpenCL Adreno GPU
OpenVINO [In Progress] Intel CPUs, GPUs, and NPUs
RPC All
SYCL Intel GPU
VirtGPU VirtGPU APIR
Vulkan GPU
WebGPU All
ZenDNN AMD CPU

Documentation

Tools

Development

Contributing

  • Contributors can open PRs
  • Collaborators will be invited based on contributions
  • Maintainers can push to branches in the llama.cpp repo and merge PRs into the master branch
  • Any help with managing issues, PRs and projects is very appreciated!
  • Read the CONTRIBUTING.md for more information

Acknowledgements

  • yhirose/cpp-httplib - Single-header HTTP server, used by llama-server - MIT license
  • nothings/stb - Single-header image format decoder, used by multimodal subsystem - Public domain
  • nlohmann/json - Single-header JSON library, used by various tools/examples - MIT License
  • mackron/miniaudio - Single-header audio format decoder, used by multimodal subsystem - Public domain
  • sheredom/subprocess.h - Single-header process launching solution for C and C++ - Public domain