Merge branch 'master' into concedo_experimental

# Conflicts:
#	.devops/nix/sif.nix
#	.github/workflows/build.yml
#	.github/workflows/python-check-requirements.yml
#	README-sycl.md
#	README.md
#	flake.lock
#	flake.nix
#	requirements/requirements-convert-hf-to-gguf.txt
#	scripts/compare-llama-bench.py
This commit is contained in:
Concedo 2024-03-04 15:33:33 +08:00
commit 7c64845dea
41 changed files with 3325 additions and 2053 deletions

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@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ The project is under active development, and we are [looking for feedback and co
- `--threads N`, `-t N`: Set the number of threads to use during generation.
- `-tb N, --threads-batch N`: Set the number of threads to use during batch and prompt processing. If not specified, the number of threads will be set to the number of threads used for generation.
- `--threads-http N`: number of threads in the http server pool to process requests (default: `max(std::thread::hardware_concurrency() - 1, --parallel N + 2)`)
- `-m FNAME`, `--model FNAME`: Specify the path to the LLaMA model file (e.g., `models/7B/ggml-model.gguf`).
- `-a ALIAS`, `--alias ALIAS`: Set an alias for the model. The alias will be returned in API responses.
- `-c N`, `--ctx-size N`: Set the size of the prompt context. The default is 512, but LLaMA models were built with a context of 2048, which will provide better results for longer input/inference. The size may differ in other models, for example, baichuan models were build with a context of 4096.
@ -325,7 +326,7 @@ Notice that each `probs` is an array of length `n_probs`.
- `default_generation_settings` - the default generation settings for the `/completion` endpoint, has the same fields as the `generation_settings` response object from the `/completion` endpoint.
- `total_slots` - the total number of slots for process requests (defined by `--parallel` option)
- **POST** `/v1/chat/completions`: OpenAI-compatible Chat Completions API. Given a ChatML-formatted json description in `messages`, it returns the predicted completion. Both synchronous and streaming mode are supported, so scripted and interactive applications work fine. While no strong claims of compatibility with OpenAI API spec is being made, in our experience it suffices to support many apps. Only ChatML-tuned models, such as Dolphin, OpenOrca, OpenHermes, OpenChat-3.5, etc can be used with this endpoint. Compared to `api_like_OAI.py` this API implementation does not require a wrapper to be served.
- **POST** `/v1/chat/completions`: OpenAI-compatible Chat Completions API. Given a ChatML-formatted json description in `messages`, it returns the predicted completion. Both synchronous and streaming mode are supported, so scripted and interactive applications work fine. While no strong claims of compatibility with OpenAI API spec is being made, in our experience it suffices to support many apps. Only ChatML-tuned models, such as Dolphin, OpenOrca, OpenHermes, OpenChat-3.5, etc can be used with this endpoint.
*Options:*
@ -527,20 +528,7 @@ bash chat.sh
### API like OAI
API example using Python Flask: [api_like_OAI.py](api_like_OAI.py)
This example must be used with server.cpp
```sh
python api_like_OAI.py
```
After running the API server, you can use it in Python by setting the API base URL.
```python
openai.api_base = "http://<Your api-server IP>:port"
```
Then you can utilize llama.cpp as an OpenAI's **chat.completion** or **text_completion** API
The HTTP server supports OAI-like API
### Extending or building alternative Web Front End

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@ -1,228 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import argparse
from flask import Flask, jsonify, request, Response
import urllib.parse
import requests
import time
import json
app = Flask(__name__)
slot_id = -1
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="An example of using server.cpp with a similar API to OAI. It must be used together with server.cpp.")
parser.add_argument("--chat-prompt", type=str, help="the top prompt in chat completions(default: 'A chat between a curious user and an artificial intelligence assistant. The assistant follows the given rules no matter what.')", default='A chat between a curious user and an artificial intelligence assistant. The assistant follows the given rules no matter what.')
parser.add_argument("--user-name", type=str, help="USER name in chat completions(default: 'USER: ')", default="USER: ")
parser.add_argument("--ai-name", type=str, help="ASSISTANT name in chat completions(default: 'ASSISTANT: ')", default="ASSISTANT: ")
parser.add_argument("--system-name", type=str, help="SYSTEM name in chat completions(default: 'ASSISTANT's RULE: ')", default="ASSISTANT's RULE: ")
parser.add_argument("--stop", type=str, help="the end of response in chat completions(default: '</s>')", default="</s>")
parser.add_argument("--llama-api", type=str, help="Set the address of server.cpp in llama.cpp(default: http://127.0.0.1:8080)", default='http://127.0.0.1:8080')
parser.add_argument("--api-key", type=str, help="Set the api key to allow only few user(default: NULL)", default="")
parser.add_argument("--host", type=str, help="Set the ip address to listen.(default: 127.0.0.1)", default='127.0.0.1')
parser.add_argument("--port", type=int, help="Set the port to listen.(default: 8081)", default=8081)
args = parser.parse_args()
def is_present(json, key):
try:
buf = json[key]
except KeyError:
return False
if json[key] == None:
return False
return True
#convert chat to prompt
def convert_chat(messages):
system_n = args.system_name
user_n = args.user_name
ai_n = args.ai_name
stop = args.stop
prompt = "" + args.chat_prompt + stop
for line in messages:
if (line["role"] == "system"):
prompt += f"{system_n}{line['content']}{stop}"
if (line["role"] == "user"):
prompt += f"{user_n}{line['content']}{stop}"
if (line["role"] == "assistant"):
prompt += f"{ai_n}{line['content']}{stop}"
prompt += ai_n.rstrip()
return prompt
def make_postData(body, chat=False, stream=False):
postData = {}
if (chat):
postData["prompt"] = convert_chat(body["messages"])
else:
postData["prompt"] = body["prompt"]
if(is_present(body, "temperature")): postData["temperature"] = body["temperature"]
if(is_present(body, "top_k")): postData["top_k"] = body["top_k"]
if(is_present(body, "top_p")): postData["top_p"] = body["top_p"]
if(is_present(body, "max_tokens")): postData["n_predict"] = body["max_tokens"]
if(is_present(body, "presence_penalty")): postData["presence_penalty"] = body["presence_penalty"]
if(is_present(body, "frequency_penalty")): postData["frequency_penalty"] = body["frequency_penalty"]
if(is_present(body, "repeat_penalty")): postData["repeat_penalty"] = body["repeat_penalty"]
if(is_present(body, "mirostat")): postData["mirostat"] = body["mirostat"]
if(is_present(body, "mirostat_tau")): postData["mirostat_tau"] = body["mirostat_tau"]
if(is_present(body, "mirostat_eta")): postData["mirostat_eta"] = body["mirostat_eta"]
if(is_present(body, "seed")): postData["seed"] = body["seed"]
if(is_present(body, "grammar")): postData["grammar"] = body["grammar"]
if(is_present(body, "logit_bias")): postData["logit_bias"] = [[int(token), body["logit_bias"][token]] for token in body["logit_bias"].keys()]
if (args.stop != ""):
postData["stop"] = [args.stop]
else:
postData["stop"] = []
if(is_present(body, "stop")): postData["stop"] += body["stop"]
postData["n_keep"] = -1
postData["stream"] = stream
postData["cache_prompt"] = True
postData["slot_id"] = slot_id
return postData
def make_resData(data, chat=False, promptToken=[]):
resData = {
"id": "chatcmpl" if (chat) else "cmpl",
"object": "chat.completion" if (chat) else "text_completion",
"created": int(time.time()),
"truncated": data["truncated"],
"model": "LLaMA_CPP",
"usage": {
"prompt_tokens": data["tokens_evaluated"],
"completion_tokens": data["tokens_predicted"],
"total_tokens": data["tokens_evaluated"] + data["tokens_predicted"]
}
}
if (len(promptToken) != 0):
resData["promptToken"] = promptToken
if (chat):
#only one choice is supported
resData["choices"] = [{
"index": 0,
"message": {
"role": "assistant",
"content": data["content"],
},
"finish_reason": "stop" if (data["stopped_eos"] or data["stopped_word"]) else "length"
}]
else:
#only one choice is supported
resData["choices"] = [{
"text": data["content"],
"index": 0,
"logprobs": None,
"finish_reason": "stop" if (data["stopped_eos"] or data["stopped_word"]) else "length"
}]
return resData
def make_resData_stream(data, chat=False, time_now = 0, start=False):
resData = {
"id": "chatcmpl" if (chat) else "cmpl",
"object": "chat.completion.chunk" if (chat) else "text_completion.chunk",
"created": time_now,
"model": "LLaMA_CPP",
"choices": [
{
"finish_reason": None,
"index": 0
}
]
}
slot_id = data.get("slot_id")
if (chat):
if (start):
resData["choices"][0]["delta"] = {
"role": "assistant"
}
else:
resData["choices"][0]["delta"] = {
"content": data["content"]
}
if (data["stop"]):
resData["choices"][0]["finish_reason"] = "stop" if (data["stopped_eos"] or data["stopped_word"]) else "length"
else:
resData["choices"][0]["text"] = data["content"]
if (data["stop"]):
resData["choices"][0]["finish_reason"] = "stop" if (data["stopped_eos"] or data["stopped_word"]) else "length"
return resData
@app.route('/chat/completions', methods=['POST', 'OPTIONS'])
@app.route('/v1/chat/completions', methods=['POST', 'OPTIONS'])
def chat_completions():
if (args.api_key != "" and request.headers["Authorization"].split()[1] != args.api_key):
return Response(status=403)
if request.method == 'OPTIONS':
return Response(headers={"Access-Control-Allow-Origin": "*", "Access-Control-Allow-Headers": "*"})
body = request.get_json()
stream = False
tokenize = False
if(is_present(body, "stream")): stream = body["stream"]
if(is_present(body, "tokenize")): tokenize = body["tokenize"]
postData = make_postData(body, chat=True, stream=stream)
promptToken = []
if (tokenize):
tokenData = requests.request("POST", urllib.parse.urljoin(args.llama_api, "/tokenize"), data=json.dumps({"content": postData["prompt"]})).json()
promptToken = tokenData["tokens"]
if (not stream):
data = requests.request("POST", urllib.parse.urljoin(args.llama_api, "/completion"), data=json.dumps(postData))
print(data.json())
resData = make_resData(data.json(), chat=True, promptToken=promptToken)
return jsonify(resData)
else:
def generate():
data = requests.request("POST", urllib.parse.urljoin(args.llama_api, "/completion"), data=json.dumps(postData), stream=True)
time_now = int(time.time())
resData = make_resData_stream({}, chat=True, time_now=time_now, start=True)
yield 'data: {}\n\n'.format(json.dumps(resData))
for line in data.iter_lines():
if line:
decoded_line = line.decode('utf-8')
resData = make_resData_stream(json.loads(decoded_line[6:]), chat=True, time_now=time_now)
yield 'data: {}\n\n'.format(json.dumps(resData))
return Response(generate(), mimetype='text/event-stream', headers={"Access-Control-Allow-Origin": "*", "Access-Control-Allow-Headers": "*"})
@app.route('/completions', methods=['POST', 'OPTIONS'])
@app.route('/v1/completions', methods=['POST', 'OPTIONS'])
def completion():
if (args.api_key != "" and request.headers["Authorization"].split()[1] != args.api_key):
return Response(status=403)
if request.method == 'OPTIONS':
return Response(headers={"Access-Control-Allow-Origin": "*", "Access-Control-Allow-Headers": "*"})
body = request.get_json()
stream = False
tokenize = False
if(is_present(body, "stream")): stream = body["stream"]
if(is_present(body, "tokenize")): tokenize = body["tokenize"]
postData = make_postData(body, chat=False, stream=stream)
promptToken = []
if (tokenize):
tokenData = requests.request("POST", urllib.parse.urljoin(args.llama_api, "/tokenize"), data=json.dumps({"content": postData["prompt"]})).json()
promptToken = tokenData["tokens"]
if (not stream):
data = requests.request("POST", urllib.parse.urljoin(args.llama_api, "/completion"), data=json.dumps(postData))
print(data.json())
resData = make_resData(data.json(), chat=False, promptToken=promptToken)
return jsonify(resData)
else:
def generate():
data = requests.request("POST", urllib.parse.urljoin(args.llama_api, "/completion"), data=json.dumps(postData), stream=True)
time_now = int(time.time())
for line in data.iter_lines():
if line:
decoded_line = line.decode('utf-8')
resData = make_resData_stream(json.loads(decoded_line[6:]), chat=False, time_now=time_now)
yield 'data: {}\n\n'.format(json.dumps(resData))
return Response(generate(), mimetype='text/event-stream', headers={"Access-Control-Allow-Origin": "*", "Access-Control-Allow-Headers": "*"})
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(args.host, port=args.port)

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@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ struct server_params {
int32_t write_timeout = 600;
bool slots_endpoint = true;
bool metrics_endpoint = false;
int n_threads_http = -1;
};
bool server_verbose = false;
@ -441,8 +442,8 @@ struct llama_server_context
const int ga_w = params.grp_attn_w;
if (ga_n != 1) {
GGML_ASSERT(ga_n > 0 && "ga_n must be positive"); // NOLINT
GGML_ASSERT(ga_w % ga_n == 0 && "ga_w must be a multiple of ga_n"); // NOLINT
GGML_ASSERT(ga_n > 0 && "ga_n must be positive"); // NOLINT
GGML_ASSERT(ga_w % ga_n == 0 && "ga_w must be a multiple of ga_n"); // NOLINT
//GGML_ASSERT(n_ctx_train % ga_w == 0 && "n_ctx_train must be a multiple of ga_w"); // NOLINT
//GGML_ASSERT(n_ctx >= n_ctx_train * ga_n && "n_ctx must be at least n_ctx_train * ga_n"); // NOLINT
@ -1709,8 +1710,8 @@ struct llama_server_context
}
slot.params.n_keep = std::min(slot.n_ctx - 4, slot.params.n_keep);
// if input prompt is too big, truncate it
if (slot.n_prompt_tokens >= slot.n_ctx)
// if input prompt is too big, truncate it, if group attention self-extend is disabled
if (slot.ga_n == 1 && slot.n_prompt_tokens >= slot.n_ctx)
{
const int n_left = slot.n_ctx - slot.params.n_keep;
const int n_block_size = n_left / 2;
@ -1785,9 +1786,11 @@ struct llama_server_context
}
LOG_INFO("slot progression", {
{ "slot_id", slot.id },
{ "task_id", slot.task_id },
{ "n_past", slot.n_past },
{ "slot_id", slot.id },
{ "task_id", slot.task_id },
{ "n_past", slot.n_past },
{ "n_past_se", slot.n_past_se },
{ "ga_i", slot.ga_i },
{ "n_prompt_tokens_processed", slot.n_prompt_tokens_processed }
});
}
@ -2001,6 +2004,17 @@ struct llama_server_context
LOG_VERBOSE("slots updated", {});
return true;
}
json model_meta() {
return json{
{"vocab_type", llama_vocab_type(model)},
{"n_vocab", llama_n_vocab(model)},
{"n_ctx_train", llama_n_ctx_train(model)},
{"n_embd", llama_n_embd(model)},
{"n_params", llama_model_n_params(model)},
{"size", llama_model_size(model)},
};
}
};
static void server_print_usage(const char *argv0, const gpt_params &params,
@ -2013,6 +2027,7 @@ static void server_print_usage(const char *argv0, const gpt_params &params,
printf(" -v, --verbose verbose output (default: %s)\n", server_verbose ? "enabled" : "disabled");
printf(" -t N, --threads N number of threads to use during computation (default: %d)\n", params.n_threads);
printf(" -tb N, --threads-batch N number of threads to use during batch and prompt processing (default: same as --threads)\n");
printf(" --threads-http N number of threads in the http server pool to process requests (default: max(hardware concurrency - 1, --parallel N + 2))\n");
printf(" -c N, --ctx-size N size of the prompt context (default: %d)\n", params.n_ctx);
printf(" --rope-scaling {none,linear,yarn}\n");
printf(" RoPE frequency scaling method, defaults to linear unless specified by the model\n");
@ -2299,6 +2314,15 @@ static void server_params_parse(int argc, char **argv, server_params &sparams,
}
params.n_threads_batch = std::stoi(argv[i]);
}
else if (arg == "--threads-http")
{
if (++i >= argc)
{
invalid_param = true;
break;
}
sparams.n_threads_http = std::stoi(argv[i]);
}
else if (arg == "-b" || arg == "--batch-size")
{
if (++i >= argc)
@ -2380,14 +2404,6 @@ static void server_params_parse(int argc, char **argv, server_params &sparams,
}
#else
LOG_WARNING("llama.cpp was compiled without cuBLAS. It is not possible to set a tensor split.\n", {});
#endif // GGML_USE_CUBLAS
}
else if (arg == "--no-mul-mat-q" || arg == "-nommq")
{
#if defined(GGML_USE_CUBLAS) || defined(GGML_USE_SYCL)
params.mul_mat_q = false;
#else
LOG_WARNING("warning: llama.cpp was compiled without cuBLAS. Disabling mul_mat_q kernels has no effect.\n", {});
#endif // GGML_USE_CUBLAS
}
else if (arg == "--main-gpu" || arg == "-mg")
@ -2909,9 +2925,10 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
for (const auto& metric_def : metrics_def) {
std::string name = metric_def["name"];
std::string help = metric_def["help"];
prometheus << "# HELP llamacpp:" << name << " " << help << "\n"
<< "# TYPE llamacpp:" << name << " " << type << "\n"
<< "llamacpp:" << name << " " << metric_def["value"] << "\n";
auto value = json_value(metric_def, "value", 0);
prometheus << "# HELP llamacpp:" << name << " " << help << "\n"
<< "# TYPE llamacpp:" << name << " " << type << "\n"
<< "llamacpp:" << name << " " << value << "\n";
}
}
@ -2992,6 +3009,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
state.store(SERVER_STATE_READY);
LOG_INFO("model loaded", {});
}
const auto model_meta = llama.model_meta();
if (sparams.chat_template.empty()) { // custom chat template is not supplied
// check if the template comes with the model is supported by us
@ -3141,7 +3159,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
}
});
svr.Get("/v1/models", [&params](const httplib::Request& req, httplib::Response& res)
svr.Get("/v1/models", [&params, &model_meta](const httplib::Request& req, httplib::Response& res)
{
res.set_header("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", req.get_header_value("Origin"));
std::time_t t = std::time(0);
@ -3150,10 +3168,11 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
{"object", "list"},
{"data", {
{
{"id", params.model_alias},
{"object", "model"},
{"created", t},
{"owned_by", "llamacpp"}
{"id", params.model_alias},
{"object", "model"},
{"created", t},
{"owned_by", "llamacpp"},
{"meta", model_meta}
},
}}
};
@ -3450,6 +3469,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
}*/
//);
if (sparams.n_threads_http < 1) {
// +2 threads for monitoring endpoints
sparams.n_threads_http = std::max(params.n_parallel + 2, (int32_t) std::thread::hardware_concurrency() - 1);
}
log_data["n_threads_http"] = std::to_string(sparams.n_threads_http);
svr.new_task_queue = [&sparams] { return new httplib::ThreadPool(sparams.n_threads_http); };
LOG_INFO("HTTP server listening", log_data);
// run the HTTP server in a thread - see comment below
std::thread t([&]()

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@ -1,22 +1,30 @@
# Server tests
Python based server tests scenario using [BDD](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development) and [behave](https://behave.readthedocs.io/en/latest/):
* [issues.feature](./features/issues.feature) Pending issues scenario
* [parallel.feature](./features/parallel.feature) Scenario involving multi slots and concurrent requests
* [security.feature](./features/security.feature) Security, CORS and API Key
* [server.feature](./features/server.feature) Server base scenario: completion, embedding, tokenization, etc...
Python based server tests scenario using [BDD](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior-driven_development)
and [behave](https://behave.readthedocs.io/en/latest/):
* [issues.feature](./features/issues.feature) Pending issues scenario
* [parallel.feature](./features/parallel.feature) Scenario involving multi slots and concurrent requests
* [security.feature](./features/security.feature) Security, CORS and API Key
* [server.feature](./features/server.feature) Server base scenario: completion, embedding, tokenization, etc...
Tests target GitHub workflows job runners with 4 vCPU.
Requests are using [aiohttp](https://docs.aiohttp.org/en/stable/client_reference.html), [asyncio](https://docs.python.org/fr/3/library/asyncio.html) based http client.
Requests are
using [aiohttp](https://docs.aiohttp.org/en/stable/client_reference.html), [asyncio](https://docs.python.org/fr/3/library/asyncio.html)
based http client.
Note: If the host architecture inference speed is faster than GitHub runners one, parallel scenario may randomly fail. To mitigate it, you can increase values in `n_predict`, `kv_size`.
Note: If the host architecture inference speed is faster than GitHub runners one, parallel scenario may randomly fail.
To mitigate it, you can increase values in `n_predict`, `kv_size`.
### Install dependencies
`pip install -r requirements.txt`
### Run tests
1. Build the server
```shell
cd ../../..
mkdir build
@ -24,24 +32,36 @@ cd build
cmake ../
cmake --build . --target server
```
2. download required models:
1. `../../../scripts/hf.sh --repo ggml-org/models --file tinyllamas/stories260K.gguf`
3. Start the test: `./tests.sh`
2. Start the test: `./tests.sh`
It's possible to override some scenario steps values with environment variables:
- `PORT` -> `context.server_port` to set the listening port of the server during scenario, default: `8080`
- `LLAMA_SERVER_BIN_PATH` -> to change the server binary path, default: `../../../build/bin/server`
- `DEBUG` -> "ON" to enable steps and server verbose mode `--verbose`
- `SERVER_LOG_FORMAT_JSON` -> if set switch server logs to json format
| variable | description |
|--------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| `PORT` | `context.server_port` to set the listening port of the server during scenario, default: `8080` |
| `LLAMA_SERVER_BIN_PATH` | to change the server binary path, default: `../../../build/bin/server` |
| `DEBUG` | "ON" to enable steps and server verbose mode `--verbose` |
| `SERVER_LOG_FORMAT_JSON` | if set switch server logs to json format |
| `N_GPU_LAYERS` | number of model layers to offload to VRAM `-ngl --n-gpu-layers` |
### Run @bug, @wip or @wrong_usage annotated scenario
Feature or Scenario must be annotated with `@llama.cpp` to be included in the default scope.
- `@bug` annotation aims to link a scenario with a GitHub issue.
- `@wrong_usage` are meant to show user issue that are actually an expected behavior
- `@wip` to focus on a scenario working in progress
- `@slow` heavy test, disabled by default
To run a scenario annotated with `@bug`, start:
`DEBUG=ON ./tests.sh --no-skipped --tags bug`
```shell
DEBUG=ON ./tests.sh --no-skipped --tags bug
```
After changing logic in `steps.py`, ensure that `@bug` and `@wrong_usage` scenario are updated.
```shell
./tests.sh --no-skipped --tags bug,wrong_usage || echo "should failed but compile"
```

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@ -7,7 +7,10 @@ from signal import SIGKILL
def before_scenario(context, scenario):
print(f"\x1b[33;42mStarting new scenario: {scenario.name}!\x1b[0m")
context.debug = 'DEBUG' in os.environ and os.environ['DEBUG'] == 'ON'
if context.debug:
print("DEBUG=ON\n")
print(f"\x1b[33;42mStarting new scenario: {scenario.name}!\x1b[0m\n")
port = 8080
if 'PORT' in os.environ:
port = int(os.environ['PORT'])

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@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
# List of ongoing issues
# run with: DEBUG=ON ./tests.sh --no-skipped --tags bug
@bug
Feature: Issues
# No confirmed issue at the moment

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@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
@llama.cpp
@parallel
Feature: Parallel
Background: Server startup
Given a server listening on localhost:8080
And a model file stories260K.gguf
And a model alias tinyllama-2
And a model file tinyllamas/stories260K.gguf from HF repo ggml-org/models
And 42 as server seed
And 512 as batch size
And 64 KV cache size
And 2 slots
And embeddings extraction

View file

@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
# run with: ./tests.sh --no-skipped --tags passkey
@passkey
@slow
Feature: Passkey / Self-extend with context shift
Background: Server startup
Given a server listening on localhost:8080
# Generates a long text of junk and inserts a secret passkey number inside it.
# Then we query the LLM for the secret passkey.
# see #3856 and #4810
Scenario Outline: Passkey
Given a model file <hf_file> from HF repo <hf_repo>
And <n_batch> as batch size
And <n_junk> as number of junk
And <n_predicted> server max tokens to predict
And 42 as seed
And <n_ctx> KV cache size
And 1 slots
And <n_ga> group attention factor to extend context size through self-extend
And <n_ga_w> group attention width to extend context size through self-extend
# Can be override with N_GPU_LAYERS
And <ngl> GPU offloaded layers
Then the server is starting
Then the server is healthy
Given available models
Then model 0 is trained on <n_ctx_train> tokens context
Given a prefix prompt:
"""
here is an important info hidden inside a lot of irrelevant text. Find it and memorize them. I will quiz you about the important information there.
"""
And a passkey prompt template:
"""
The pass key is <passkey> Remember it. <passkey> is the pass key.
"""
And a junk suffix prompt:
"""
The grass is green. The sky is blue. The sun is yellow. Here we go. There and back again.
"""
And a suffix prompt:
"""
What is the pass key? The pass key is
"""
Given a "<passkey>" passkey challenge prompt with the passkey inserted every <i_pos> junk
And a completion request with no api error
Then <n_predicted> tokens are predicted matching <re_content>
Examples:
| hf_repo | hf_file | n_ctx_train | ngl | n_ctx | n_batch | n_ga | n_ga_w | n_junk | i_pos | passkey | n_predicted | re_content |
| TheBloke/phi-2-GGUF | phi-2.Q4_K_M.gguf | 2048 | 5 | 8192 | 512 | 4 | 512 | 250 | 50 | 42 | 1 | 42 |
| TheBloke/phi-2-GGUF | phi-2.Q4_K_M.gguf | 2048 | 5 | 8192 | 512 | 2 | 512 | 250 | 50 | 42 | 1 | \b((?!42)\w)+\b |
#| TheBloke/Llama-2-7B-GGUF | llama-2-7b.Q2_K.gguf | 4096 | 3 | 16384 | 512 | 4 | 512 | 500 | 300 | 1234 | 5 | 1234 |
#| TheBloke/Mixtral-8x7B-v0.1-GGUF | mixtral-8x7b-v0.1.Q2_K.gguf | 32768 | 2 | 16384 | 512 | 4 | 512 | 500 | 100 | 0987 | 5 | 0
# 987 |

View file

@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
@llama.cpp
@security
Feature: Security
Background: Server startup with an api key defined
Given a server listening on localhost:8080
And a model file stories260K.gguf
And a model file tinyllamas/stories260K.gguf from HF repo ggml-org/models
And a server api key llama.cpp
Then the server is starting
Then the server is healthy

View file

@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
@llama.cpp
@server
Feature: llama.cpp server
Background: Server startup
Given a server listening on localhost:8080
And a model file stories260K.gguf
And a model file tinyllamas/stories260K.gguf from HF repo ggml-org/models
And a model alias tinyllama-2
And 42 as server seed
# KV Cache corresponds to the total amount of tokens
# that can be stored across all independent sequences: #4130
# see --ctx-size and #5568
And 32 KV cache size
And 512 as batch size
And 1 slots
And embeddings extraction
And 32 server max tokens to predict
@ -29,9 +31,9 @@ Feature: llama.cpp server
And prometheus metrics are exposed
Examples: Prompts
| prompt | n_predict | re_content | n_predicted |
| I believe the meaning of life is | 8 | (read<or>going)+ | 8 |
| Write a joke about AI | 64 | (park<or>friends<or>scared<or>always)+ | 32 |
| prompt | n_predict | re_content | n_predicted |
| I believe the meaning of life is | 8 | (read\|going)+ | 8 |
| Write a joke about AI | 64 | (park\|friends\|scared\|always)+ | 32 |
Scenario Outline: OAI Compatibility
Given a model <model>
@ -43,9 +45,9 @@ Feature: llama.cpp server
Then <n_predicted> tokens are predicted matching <re_content>
Examples: Prompts
| model | system_prompt | user_prompt | max_tokens | re_content | n_predicted | enable_streaming |
| llama-2 | Book | What is the best book | 8 | (Mom<or>what)+ | 8 | disabled |
| codellama70b | You are a coding assistant. | Write the fibonacci function in c++. | 64 | (thanks<or>happy<or>bird)+ | 32 | enabled |
| model | system_prompt | user_prompt | max_tokens | re_content | n_predicted | enable_streaming |
| llama-2 | Book | What is the best book | 8 | (Mom\|what)+ | 8 | disabled |
| codellama70b | You are a coding assistant. | Write the fibonacci function in c++. | 64 | (thanks\|happy\|bird)+ | 32 | enabled |
Scenario: Embedding
When embeddings are computed for:
@ -75,10 +77,15 @@ Feature: llama.cpp server
When an OAI compatible embeddings computation request for multiple inputs
Then embeddings are generated
Scenario: Tokenize / Detokenize
When tokenizing:
"""
What is the capital of France ?
"""
Then tokens can be detokenize
Scenario: Models available
Given available models
Then 1 models are supported
Then model 0 is identified by tinyllama-2
Then model 0 is trained on 128 tokens context

View file

@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import aiohttp
import openai
from behave import step
from behave.api.async_step import async_run_until_complete
from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
from prometheus_client import parser
@ -26,17 +27,23 @@ def step_server_config(context, server_fqdn, server_port):
context.base_url = f'http://{context.server_fqdn}:{context.server_port}'
context.debug = 'DEBUG' in os.environ and os.environ['DEBUG'] == 'ON'
context.model_alias = None
context.n_batch = None
context.n_ctx = None
context.n_ga = None
context.n_ga_w = None
context.n_gpu_layer = None
context.n_predict = None
context.n_server_predict = None
context.n_slots = None
context.prompt_prefix = None
context.prompt_suffix = None
context.server_api_key = None
context.server_continuous_batching = False
context.server_embeddings = False
context.server_metrics = False
context.server_process = None
context.seed = None
context.server_seed = None
context.user_api_key = None
@ -45,9 +52,11 @@ def step_server_config(context, server_fqdn, server_port):
context.prompts = []
@step(u'a model file {model_file}')
def step_model_file(context, model_file):
context.model_file = model_file
@step(u'a model file {hf_file} from HF repo {hf_repo}')
def step_download_hf_model(context, hf_file, hf_repo):
context.model_file = hf_hub_download(repo_id=hf_repo, filename=hf_file)
if context.debug:
print(f"model file: {context.model_file}\n")
@step(u'a model alias {model_alias}')
@ -55,24 +64,34 @@ def step_model_alias(context, model_alias):
context.model_alias = model_alias
@step(u'{seed} as server seed')
@step(u'{seed:d} as server seed')
def step_seed(context, seed):
context.server_seed = int(seed)
context.server_seed = seed
@step(u'{n_ctx} KV cache size')
@step(u'{ngl:d} GPU offloaded layers')
def step_n_gpu_layer(context, ngl):
if 'N_GPU_LAYERS' in os.environ:
new_ngl = int(os.environ['N_GPU_LAYERS'])
if context.debug:
print(f"-ngl upgraded from {ngl} to {new_ngl}")
ngl = new_ngl
context.n_gpu_layer = ngl
@step(u'{n_ctx:d} KV cache size')
def step_n_ctx(context, n_ctx):
context.n_ctx = int(n_ctx)
context.n_ctx = n_ctx
@step(u'{n_slots} slots')
@step(u'{n_slots:d} slots')
def step_n_slots(context, n_slots):
context.n_slots = int(n_slots)
context.n_slots = n_slots
@step(u'{n_predict} server max tokens to predict')
@step(u'{n_predict:d} server max tokens to predict')
def step_server_n_predict(context, n_predict):
context.n_server_predict = int(n_predict)
context.n_server_predict = n_predict
@step(u'continuous batching')
@ -116,11 +135,13 @@ async def step_wait_for_the_server_to_be_started(context, expecting_status):
case 'ready' | 'idle':
await wait_for_health_status(context, context.base_url, 200, 'ok',
timeout=10,
params={'fail_on_no_slot': 0, 'include_slots': 0},
slots_idle=context.n_slots,
slots_processing=0,
expected_slots=[{'id': slot_id, 'state': 0}
for slot_id in range(context.n_slots)])
for slot_id in
range(context.n_slots if context.n_slots else 1)])
case 'busy':
await wait_for_health_status(context, context.base_url, 503,
'no slot available',
@ -128,7 +149,8 @@ async def step_wait_for_the_server_to_be_started(context, expecting_status):
slots_idle=0,
slots_processing=context.n_slots,
expected_slots=[{'id': slot_id, 'state': 1}
for slot_id in range(context.n_slots)])
for slot_id in
range(context.n_slots if context.n_slots else 1)])
case _:
assert False, "unknown status"
@ -157,24 +179,24 @@ async def step_request_completion(context, api_error):
context.base_url,
debug=context.debug,
n_predict=context.n_predict,
server_seed=context.server_seed,
seed=await completions_seed(context),
expect_api_error=expect_api_error,
user_api_key=context.user_api_key)
context.tasks_result.append(completion)
if context.debug:
print(f"Completion response: {completion}")
print(f"Completion response: {completion}\n")
if expect_api_error:
assert completion == 401, f"completion must be an 401 status code: {completion}"
@step(u'{predicted_n} tokens are predicted matching {re_content}')
@step(u'{predicted_n:d} tokens are predicted matching {re_content}')
def step_n_tokens_predicted_with_content(context, predicted_n, re_content):
assert_n_tokens_predicted(context.tasks_result.pop(), int(predicted_n), re_content)
assert_n_tokens_predicted(context.tasks_result.pop(), predicted_n, re_content)
@step(u'{predicted_n} tokens are predicted')
@step(u'{predicted_n:d} tokens are predicted')
def step_n_tokens_predicted(context, predicted_n):
assert_n_tokens_predicted(context.tasks_result.pop(), int(predicted_n))
assert_n_tokens_predicted(context.tasks_result.pop(), predicted_n)
@step(u'a user prompt {user_prompt}')
@ -192,9 +214,9 @@ def step_model(context, model):
context.model = model
@step(u'{max_tokens} max tokens to predict')
@step(u'{max_tokens:d} max tokens to predict')
def step_max_tokens(context, max_tokens):
context.n_predict = int(max_tokens)
context.n_predict = max_tokens
@step(u'streaming is {enable_streaming}')
@ -222,11 +244,70 @@ def step_server_api_key(context, server_api_key):
context.server_api_key = server_api_key
@step(u'{n_junk:d} as number of junk')
def step_n_junk(context, n_junk):
context.n_junk = n_junk
@step(u'{n_batch:d} as batch size')
def step_n_batch(context, n_batch):
context.n_batch = n_batch
@step(u'{seed:d} as seed')
def step_seed(context, seed):
context.seed = seed
@step(u'a prefix prompt')
def step_prompt_prefix(context):
context.prompt_prefix = context.text
@step(u'a junk suffix prompt')
def step_prompt_junk_suffix(context):
context.prompt_junk_suffix = context.text
@step(u'a suffix prompt')
def step_prompt_suffix(context):
context.prompt_suffix = context.text
@step(u'{n_ga:d} group attention factor'
u' to extend context size through self-extend')
def step_impl(context, n_ga):
context.n_ga = n_ga
@step(u'{n_ga_w:d} group attention width to extend context size through self-extend')
def step_impl(context, n_ga_w):
context.n_ga_w = n_ga_w
@step(u'a passkey prompt template')
def step_prompt_passkey(context):
context.prompt_passkey = context.text
@step(u'a "{passkey}" passkey challenge prompt with the passkey inserted every {i_pos:d} junk')
def step_prompt_passkey(context, passkey, i_pos):
prompt = ""
for i in range(context.n_junk):
if i % context.n_junk == i_pos:
prompt += context.prompt_passkey # the passkey is already substituted
prompt += context.prompt_junk_suffix
if context.debug:
passkey_highlight = "\x1b[33m" + passkey + "\x1b[0m"
print(f"Passkey challenge:\n```{prompt.replace(passkey, passkey_highlight)}```\n")
context.prompts.append(context.prompt_prefix + prompt + context.prompt_suffix)
@step(u'an OAI compatible chat completions request with {api_error} api error')
@async_run_until_complete
async def step_oai_chat_completions(context, api_error):
if context.debug:
print(f"Submitting OAI compatible completions request...")
print(f"Submitting OAI compatible completions request...\n")
expect_api_error = api_error == 'raised'
completion = await oai_chat_completions(context.prompts.pop(),
context.system_prompt,
@ -241,8 +322,7 @@ async def step_oai_chat_completions(context, api_error):
enable_streaming=context.enable_streaming
if hasattr(context, 'enable_streaming') else None,
server_seed=context.server_seed
if hasattr(context, 'server_seed') else None,
seed=await completions_seed(context),
user_api_key=context.user_api_key
if hasattr(context, 'user_api_key') else None,
@ -276,8 +356,10 @@ async def step_concurrent_completion_requests(context):
# prompt is inserted automatically
context.base_url,
debug=context.debug,
prompt_prefix=context.prompt_prefix,
prompt_suffix=context.prompt_suffix,
n_predict=context.n_predict if hasattr(context, 'n_predict') else None,
server_seed=context.server_seed if hasattr(context, 'server_seed') else None,
seed=await completions_seed(context),
user_api_key=context.user_api_key if hasattr(context,
'user_api_key') else None)
@ -297,8 +379,7 @@ async def step_oai_chat_completions(context):
if hasattr(context, 'n_predict') else None,
enable_streaming=context.enable_streaming
if hasattr(context, 'enable_streaming') else None,
server_seed=context.server_seed
if hasattr(context, 'server_seed') else None,
seed=await completions_seed(context),
user_api_key=context.user_api_key
if hasattr(context, 'user_api_key') else None)
@ -318,7 +399,9 @@ async def step_oai_chat_completions(context):
if hasattr(context, 'n_predict') else None,
enable_streaming=context.enable_streaming
if hasattr(context, 'enable_streaming') else None,
server_seed=context.server_seed
seed=context.seed
if hasattr(context, 'seed') else
context.server_seed
if hasattr(context, 'server_seed') else None,
user_api_key=context.user_api_key
if hasattr(context, 'user_api_key') else None)
@ -330,11 +413,10 @@ async def step_all_prompts_are_predicted(context):
await all_prompts_are_predicted(context)
@step(u'all prompts are predicted with {n_predict} tokens')
@step(u'all prompts are predicted with {n_expected_predicted:d} tokens')
@async_run_until_complete
async def step_all_prompts_are_predicted_with_n_tokens(context, n_predict):
expected_predicted_n = int(n_predict)
await all_prompts_are_predicted(context, expected_predicted_n)
async def step_all_prompts_are_predicted_with_n_tokens(context, n_expected_predicted):
await all_prompts_are_predicted(context, n_expected_predicted)
async def all_prompts_are_predicted(context, expected_predicted_n=None):
@ -464,6 +546,8 @@ async def step_prometheus_metrics_exported(context):
assert metrics_response.headers['Content-Type'] == "text/plain; version=0.0.4"
metrics_raw = await metrics_response.text()
metric_exported = False
if context.debug:
print(f"/metrics answer:\n{metrics_raw}\n")
for metric in parser.text_string_to_metric_families(metrics_raw):
match metric.name:
case "llamacpp:kv_cache_usage_ratio":
@ -472,6 +556,37 @@ async def step_prometheus_metrics_exported(context):
assert metric_exported, "No metrics exported"
@step(u'available models')
def step_available_models(context):
# openai client always expects an api_key
openai.api_key = context.user_api_key if context.user_api_key is not None else 'nope'
openai.api_base = f'{context.base_url}/v1'
context.models = openai.Model.list().data
@step(u'{n_model:d} models are supported')
def step_supported_models(context, n_model):
if context.debug:
print("server models available:", context.models)
assert len(context.models) == n_model
@step(u'model {i_model:d} is {param} {preposition} {param_value}')
def step_supported_models(context, i_model, param, preposition, param_value):
assert i_model < len(context.models)
model = context.models[i_model]
param_value = param_value.split(' ', 1)[0]
match param:
case 'identified':
value = model.id
case 'trained':
value = str(model.meta.n_ctx_train)
case _:
assert False, "param {param} not supported"
assert param_value == value, f"model param {param} {value} != {param_value}"
async def concurrent_requests(context, f_completion, *args, **kwargs):
n_prompts = len(context.prompts)
if context.debug:
@ -486,8 +601,10 @@ async def concurrent_requests(context, f_completion, *args, **kwargs):
async def request_completion(prompt,
base_url,
debug=False,
prompt_prefix=None,
prompt_suffix=None,
n_predict=None,
server_seed=None,
seed=None,
expect_api_error=None,
user_api_key=None):
if debug:
@ -504,11 +621,14 @@ async def request_completion(prompt,
async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
async with session.post(f'{base_url}/completion',
json={
"input_prefix": prompt_prefix,
"prompt": prompt,
"n_predict": int(n_predict) if n_predict is not None else -1,
"seed": server_seed if server_seed is not None else 42
"input_suffix": prompt_suffix,
"n_predict": n_predict if n_predict is not None else -1,
"seed": seed if seed is not None else 42
},
headers=headers) as response:
headers=headers,
timeout=3600) as response:
if expect_api_error is None or not expect_api_error:
assert response.status == 200
assert response.headers['Access-Control-Allow-Origin'] == origin
@ -526,14 +646,14 @@ async def oai_chat_completions(user_prompt,
model=None,
n_predict=None,
enable_streaming=None,
server_seed=None,
seed=None,
user_api_key=None,
expect_api_error=None):
if debug:
print(f"Sending OAI Chat completions request: {user_prompt}")
# openai client always expects an api key
user_api_key = user_api_key if user_api_key is not None else 'nope'
seed = server_seed if server_seed is not None else 42
seed = seed if seed is not None else 42
enable_streaming = enable_streaming if enable_streaming is not None else False
payload = {
"messages": [
@ -692,20 +812,32 @@ def assert_n_tokens_predicted(completion_response, expected_predicted_n=None, re
content = completion_response['content']
n_predicted = completion_response['timings']['predicted_n']
assert len(content) > 0, "no token predicted"
if expected_predicted_n is not None:
if re_content is not None:
p = re.compile(re_content, flags=RegexFlag.IGNORECASE | RegexFlag.MULTILINE | RegexFlag.DOTALL)
matches = p.finditer(content)
last_match = 0
highlighted = ''
for match in matches:
start, end = match.span()
highlighted += content[last_match: start]
highlighted += '\x1b[33m'
highlighted += content[start: end]
highlighted += '\x1b[0m'
last_match = end
highlighted += content[last_match:]
if 'DEBUG' in os.environ and os.environ['DEBUG'] == 'ON':
print(f"Checking completion response: {highlighted}\n")
assert last_match > 0, f'/{re_content}/ must match ```{highlighted}```'
if expected_predicted_n and expected_predicted_n > 0:
assert n_predicted == expected_predicted_n, (f'invalid number of tokens predicted:'
f' {n_predicted} <> {expected_predicted_n}')
if re_content is not None:
re_content = '^.*' + re_content.replace('<or>', '|') + '.*$'
assert re.match(re_content, content, flags=RegexFlag.IGNORECASE | RegexFlag.MULTILINE | RegexFlag.DOTALL), (
f'invalid tokens predicted:'
f' ```\n{content}\n``` do not match /{re_content}/')
async def gather_tasks_results(context):
n_tasks = len(context.concurrent_tasks)
if context.debug:
print(f"Waiting for all {n_tasks} tasks results...")
print(f"Waiting for all {n_tasks} tasks results...\n")
for task_no in range(n_tasks):
context.tasks_result.append(await context.concurrent_tasks.pop())
n_completions = len(context.tasks_result)
@ -716,15 +848,13 @@ async def wait_for_health_status(context,
base_url,
expected_http_status_code,
expected_health_status,
timeout=3,
params=None,
slots_idle=None,
slots_processing=None,
expected_slots=None):
if context.debug:
print(f"Starting checking for health for expected_health_status={expected_health_status}")
timeout = 3 # seconds
if expected_health_status == 'ok':
timeout = 10 # CI slow inference
print(f"Starting checking for health for expected_health_status={expected_health_status}\n")
interval = 0.5
counter = 0
async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
@ -734,7 +864,7 @@ async def wait_for_health_status(context,
health = await health_response.json()
if context.debug:
print(f"HEALTH - response for expected health status='{expected_health_status}' on "
f"'{base_url}/health'?{params} is {health}")
f"'{base_url}/health'?{params} is {health}\n")
if (status_code == expected_http_status_code
and health['status'] == expected_health_status
and (slots_idle is None or health['slots_idle'] == slots_idle)
@ -757,7 +887,7 @@ async def wait_for_health_status(context,
if expected_http_status_code == 503:
if len(context.tasks_result) == 0:
print("\x1b[5;37;43mWARNING: forcing concurrent tasks,"
" busy health check missed, probably too fast inference\x1b[0m")
" busy health check missed, probably too fast inference\x1b[0m\n")
n_completions = await gather_tasks_results(context)
if n_completions > 0:
return
@ -791,6 +921,11 @@ def assert_slots_status(slots, expected_slots):
f" = {expected[key]} != {slot[key]}")
async def completions_seed(context):
return context.seed if hasattr(context, 'seed') and context.seed is not None \
else context.server_seed if hasattr(context, 'server_seed') else None
def start_server_background(context):
context.server_path = '../../../build/bin/server'
if 'LLAMA_SERVER_BIN_PATH' in os.environ:
@ -800,27 +935,35 @@ def start_server_background(context):
'--port', context.server_port,
'--model', context.model_file
]
if context.n_batch:
server_args.extend(['--batch-size', context.n_batch])
if context.n_gpu_layer:
server_args.extend(['--n-gpu-layers', context.n_gpu_layer])
if context.server_continuous_batching:
server_args.append('--cont-batching')
if context.server_embeddings:
server_args.append('--embedding')
if context.server_metrics:
server_args.append('--metrics')
if context.model_alias is not None:
if context.model_alias:
server_args.extend(['--alias', context.model_alias])
if context.n_ctx is not None:
if context.n_ctx:
server_args.extend(['--ctx-size', context.n_ctx])
if context.n_slots is not None:
if context.n_slots:
server_args.extend(['--parallel', context.n_slots])
if context.n_server_predict is not None:
if context.n_server_predict:
server_args.extend(['--n-predict', context.n_server_predict])
if context.server_api_key is not None:
if context.server_api_key:
server_args.extend(['--api-key', context.server_api_key])
if context.n_ga:
server_args.extend(['--grp-attn-n', context.n_ga])
if context.n_ga_w:
server_args.extend(['--grp-attn-w', context.n_ga_w])
if context.debug:
server_args.append('--verbose')
if 'SERVER_LOG_FORMAT_JSON' not in os.environ:
server_args.extend(['--log-format', "text"])
print(f"starting server with: {context.server_path}", *server_args)
print(f"starting server with: {context.server_path} {server_args}\n")
context.server_process = subprocess.Popen(
[str(arg) for arg in [context.server_path, *server_args]],
close_fds=True)

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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
# run with ./test.sh --tags wrong_usage
# run with: ./tests.sh --no-skipped --tags wrong_usage
@wrong_usage
Feature: Wrong usage of llama.cpp server
@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Feature: Wrong usage of llama.cpp server
# or pass n_predict/max_tokens in the request.
Scenario: Infinite loop
Given a server listening on localhost:8080
And a model file stories260K.gguf
And a model file tinyllamas/stories260K.gguf from HF repo ggml-org/models
# Uncomment below to fix the issue
#And 64 server max tokens to predict
Then the server is starting
@ -18,4 +18,5 @@ Feature: Wrong usage of llama.cpp server
# Uncomment below to fix the issue
#And 128 max tokens to predict
Given concurrent completion requests
Then the server is idle
Then all prompts are predicted

View file

@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
aiohttp~=3.9.3
behave~=1.2.6
huggingface_hub~=0.20.3
openai~=0.25.0
prometheus-client~=0.20.0

View file

@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ set -eu
if [ $# -lt 1 ]
then
# Start @llama.cpp scenario
behave --summary --stop --no-capture --exclude 'issues|wrong_usages' --tags llama.cpp
behave --summary --stop --no-capture --exclude 'issues|wrong_usages|passkey' --tags llama.cpp
else
behave "$@"
fi

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@ -126,8 +126,7 @@ static inline void server_log(const char *level, const char *function, int line,
for (const auto& el : log.items())
{
const std::string value = el.value().dump(-1, ' ', false, json::error_handler_t::replace);
snprintf(buf, 1024, " %s=%s", el.key().c_str(), value.c_str());
ss << buf;
ss << " " << el.key() << "=" << value;
}
const std::string str = ss.str();