diff --git a/g3proxy/src/escape/direct_fixed/http_forward/writer.rs b/g3proxy/src/escape/direct_fixed/http_forward/writer.rs
index fc7610af..bbf04d68 100644
--- a/g3proxy/src/escape/direct_fixed/http_forward/writer.rs
+++ b/g3proxy/src/escape/direct_fixed/http_forward/writer.rs
@@ -62,17 +62,17 @@ where
         self: Pin<&mut Self>,
         cx: &mut Context<'_>,
         buf: &[u8],
-    ) -> Poll<Result<usize, io::Error>> {
+    ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_write(cx, buf)
     }
 
-    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_flush(cx)
     }
 
-    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_shutdown(cx)
     }
diff --git a/g3proxy/src/escape/direct_float/http_forward/writer.rs b/g3proxy/src/escape/direct_float/http_forward/writer.rs
index ecc4d20b..f9e6d288 100644
--- a/g3proxy/src/escape/direct_float/http_forward/writer.rs
+++ b/g3proxy/src/escape/direct_float/http_forward/writer.rs
@@ -69,17 +69,17 @@ where
         self: Pin<&mut Self>,
         cx: &mut Context<'_>,
         buf: &[u8],
-    ) -> Poll<Result<usize, io::Error>> {
+    ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_write(cx, buf)
     }
 
-    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_flush(cx)
     }
 
-    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_shutdown(cx)
     }
diff --git a/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_float/peer/http/http_forward/writer.rs b/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_float/peer/http/http_forward/writer.rs
index 39c810be..a3dbe601 100644
--- a/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_float/peer/http/http_forward/writer.rs
+++ b/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_float/peer/http/http_forward/writer.rs
@@ -72,17 +72,17 @@ where
         self: Pin<&mut Self>,
         cx: &mut Context<'_>,
         buf: &[u8],
-    ) -> Poll<Result<usize, io::Error>> {
+    ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_write(cx, buf)
     }
 
-    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_flush(cx)
     }
 
-    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_shutdown(cx)
     }
@@ -170,17 +170,17 @@ where
         self: Pin<&mut Self>,
         cx: &mut Context<'_>,
         buf: &[u8],
-    ) -> Poll<Result<usize, io::Error>> {
+    ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_write(cx, buf)
     }
 
-    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_flush(cx)
     }
 
-    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_shutdown(cx)
     }
diff --git a/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_float/peer/https/http_forward/writer.rs b/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_float/peer/https/http_forward/writer.rs
index ec0431c1..b0edf26b 100644
--- a/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_float/peer/https/http_forward/writer.rs
+++ b/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_float/peer/https/http_forward/writer.rs
@@ -69,17 +69,17 @@ where
         self: Pin<&mut Self>,
         cx: &mut Context<'_>,
         buf: &[u8],
-    ) -> Poll<Result<usize, io::Error>> {
+    ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_write(cx, buf)
     }
 
-    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_flush(cx)
     }
 
-    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_shutdown(cx)
     }
@@ -155,17 +155,17 @@ where
         self: Pin<&mut Self>,
         cx: &mut Context<'_>,
         buf: &[u8],
-    ) -> Poll<Result<usize, io::Error>> {
+    ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_write(cx, buf)
     }
 
-    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_flush(cx)
     }
 
-    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_shutdown(cx)
     }
diff --git a/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_float/peer/socks5/http_forward/writer.rs b/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_float/peer/socks5/http_forward/writer.rs
index 953a160c..e769a459 100644
--- a/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_float/peer/socks5/http_forward/writer.rs
+++ b/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_float/peer/socks5/http_forward/writer.rs
@@ -69,17 +69,17 @@ where
         self: Pin<&mut Self>,
         cx: &mut Context<'_>,
         buf: &[u8],
-    ) -> Poll<Result<usize, io::Error>> {
+    ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_write(cx, buf)
     }
 
-    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_flush(cx)
     }
 
-    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_shutdown(cx)
     }
diff --git a/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_http/http_forward/writer.rs b/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_http/http_forward/writer.rs
index 8963dc51..6746ec9e 100644
--- a/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_http/http_forward/writer.rs
+++ b/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_http/http_forward/writer.rs
@@ -73,17 +73,17 @@ where
         self: Pin<&mut Self>,
         cx: &mut Context<'_>,
         buf: &[u8],
-    ) -> Poll<Result<usize, io::Error>> {
+    ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_write(cx, buf)
     }
 
-    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_flush(cx)
     }
 
-    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_shutdown(cx)
     }
@@ -164,17 +164,17 @@ where
         self: Pin<&mut Self>,
         cx: &mut Context<'_>,
         buf: &[u8],
-    ) -> Poll<Result<usize, io::Error>> {
+    ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_write(cx, buf)
     }
 
-    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_flush(cx)
     }
 
-    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_shutdown(cx)
     }
diff --git a/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_https/http_forward/writer.rs b/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_https/http_forward/writer.rs
index 05a2315d..d89fe3f1 100644
--- a/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_https/http_forward/writer.rs
+++ b/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_https/http_forward/writer.rs
@@ -70,17 +70,17 @@ where
         self: Pin<&mut Self>,
         cx: &mut Context<'_>,
         buf: &[u8],
-    ) -> Poll<Result<usize, io::Error>> {
+    ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_write(cx, buf)
     }
 
-    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_flush(cx)
     }
 
-    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_shutdown(cx)
     }
@@ -149,17 +149,17 @@ where
         self: Pin<&mut Self>,
         cx: &mut Context<'_>,
         buf: &[u8],
-    ) -> Poll<Result<usize, io::Error>> {
+    ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_write(cx, buf)
     }
 
-    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_flush(cx)
     }
 
-    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_shutdown(cx)
     }
diff --git a/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_socks5/http_forward/writer.rs b/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_socks5/http_forward/writer.rs
index f35d0c95..e6e694e4 100644
--- a/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_socks5/http_forward/writer.rs
+++ b/g3proxy/src/escape/proxy_socks5/http_forward/writer.rs
@@ -62,17 +62,17 @@ where
         self: Pin<&mut Self>,
         cx: &mut Context<'_>,
         buf: &[u8],
-    ) -> Poll<Result<usize, io::Error>> {
+    ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_write(cx, buf)
     }
 
-    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_flush(cx)
     }
 
-    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
         let this = self.project();
         this.inner.poll_shutdown(cx)
     }
diff --git a/lib/g3-icap-client/src/service/connection.rs b/lib/g3-icap-client/src/service/connection.rs
index d32a7830..d20b3647 100644
--- a/lib/g3-icap-client/src/service/connection.rs
+++ b/lib/g3-icap-client/src/service/connection.rs
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ impl IcapConnectionCreator {
         IcapConnectionCreator { config }
     }
 
-    async fn select_peer_addr(&self) -> Result<SocketAddr, io::Error> {
+    async fn select_peer_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
         let upstream = &self.config.upstream;
         match upstream.host() {
             Host::Domain(domain) => {
diff --git a/lib/g3-io-ext/src/udp/recv.rs b/lib/g3-io-ext/src/udp/recv.rs
index 9ad8f7b2..e4ab71c3 100644
--- a/lib/g3-io-ext/src/udp/recv.rs
+++ b/lib/g3-io-ext/src/udp/recv.rs
@@ -31,10 +31,9 @@ pub trait AsyncUdpRecv {
         &mut self,
         cx: &mut Context<'_>,
         buf: &mut [u8],
-    ) -> Poll<Result<(usize, SocketAddr), io::Error>>;
+    ) -> Poll<io::Result<(usize, SocketAddr)>>;
 
-    fn poll_recv(&mut self, cx: &mut Context<'_>, buf: &mut [u8])
-        -> Poll<Result<usize, io::Error>>;
+    fn poll_recv(&mut self, cx: &mut Context<'_>, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>>;
 }
 
 pub struct LimitedUdpRecv<T> {
@@ -79,7 +78,7 @@ where
         &mut self,
         cx: &mut Context<'_>,
         buf: &mut [u8],
-    ) -> Poll<Result<(usize, SocketAddr), io::Error>> {
+    ) -> Poll<io::Result<(usize, SocketAddr)>> {
         if self.limit.is_set() {
             let dur_millis = self.started.elapsed().as_millis() as u64;
             match self.limit.check_packet(dur_millis, buf.len()) {
@@ -107,11 +106,7 @@ where
         }
     }
 
-    fn poll_recv(
-        &mut self,
-        cx: &mut Context<'_>,
-        buf: &mut [u8],
-    ) -> Poll<Result<usize, io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_recv(&mut self, cx: &mut Context<'_>, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
         if self.limit.is_set() {
             let dur_millis = self.started.elapsed().as_millis() as u64;
             match self.limit.check_packet(dur_millis, buf.len()) {
diff --git a/lib/g3-io-ext/src/udp/split.rs b/lib/g3-io-ext/src/udp/split.rs
index 543226b3..0526e8ac 100644
--- a/lib/g3-io-ext/src/udp/split.rs
+++ b/lib/g3-io-ext/src/udp/split.rs
@@ -111,17 +111,13 @@ impl AsyncUdpRecv for RecvHalf {
         &mut self,
         cx: &mut Context<'_>,
         buf: &mut [u8],
-    ) -> Poll<Result<(usize, SocketAddr), io::Error>> {
+    ) -> Poll<io::Result<(usize, SocketAddr)>> {
         let mut buf = ReadBuf::new(buf);
         let addr = ready!(self.0.poll_recv_from(cx, &mut buf))?;
         Poll::Ready(Ok((buf.filled().len(), addr)))
     }
 
-    fn poll_recv(
-        &mut self,
-        cx: &mut Context<'_>,
-        buf: &mut [u8],
-    ) -> Poll<Result<usize, io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_recv(&mut self, cx: &mut Context<'_>, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
         let mut buf = ReadBuf::new(buf);
         ready!(self.0.poll_recv(cx, &mut buf))?;
         Poll::Ready(Ok(buf.filled().len()))