diff --git a/hack/check-gpu-recording-rules.bats b/hack/check-gpu-recording-rules.bats
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+++ b/hack/check-gpu-recording-rules.bats
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+#!/usr/bin/env bats
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Cross-validation between GPU recording rules and the dashboards that consume
+# them. Catches:
+#
+#   1. dangling references — a dashboard query mentions a recording rule name
+#      that doesn't exist in gpu-recording.rules.yaml. This is the bug the
+#      pre-merge review caught: gpu-efficiency.json shipped panels keyed on
+#      pod:tensor_saturation:avg5m without the rule being defined, so the
+#      panel showed "No data" everywhere.
+#
+#   2. typos in rule names — same bug class, manifested as a single-character
+#      difference between rule and reference.
+#
+# Scope: only dashboards listed in packages/system/monitoring/dashboards-infra.list
+# under the "gpu/" prefix (i.e. shipped to production), not every JSON file in
+# dashboards/gpu/. Untracked drafts stay out of scope on purpose — adding one
+# to dashboards-infra.list is what brings it under the test.
+#
+# Reverse direction (rule defined but never consumed) is intentionally NOT
+# enforced: some rules exist for ad-hoc PromQL or upcoming dashboards. Treat
+# unused rules as an editorial concern, not a regression.
+#
+# Title syntax constraints from cozytest.sh's awk parser:
+#   - Titles delimited by ASCII double quotes; embedded quotes truncate.
+#   - Only [A-Za-z0-9] from the title survives into the function name; titles
+#     differing only in punctuation collapse to the same function.
+#
+# Run with: hack/cozytest.sh hack/check-gpu-recording-rules.bats
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+REPO_ROOT="$(cd "$(dirname "${BATS_TEST_FILENAME:-$0}")/.." && pwd)"
+RULES_FILE="$REPO_ROOT/packages/system/monitoring-agents/alerts/gpu-recording.rules.yaml"
+DASHBOARDS_LIST="$REPO_ROOT/packages/system/monitoring/dashboards-infra.list"
+DASHBOARDS_DIR="$REPO_ROOT/dashboards"
+
+# Extract the set of "- record: NAME" entries from the rules YAML.
+# Outputs one rule name per line, sorted and deduplicated.
+extract_rules() {
+  awk '/^[[:space:]]*-[[:space:]]*record:[[:space:]]/ {
+    sub(/^[[:space:]]*-[[:space:]]*record:[[:space:]]*/, "")
+    sub(/[[:space:]]*$/, "")
+    print
+  }' "$RULES_FILE" | sort -u
+}
+
+# Extract the set of recording-rule references from a dashboard JSON.
+# A recording-rule reference is matched by the pattern
+#   <segment>:<segment>(:<segment>)+
+# where each <segment> is [a-z0-9_]. Raw DCGM metrics (DCGM_FI_*),
+# kube-state-metrics (kube_*) and similar uppercase / single-word metric
+# names do not match because the leading segment must be lowercase and the
+# whole expression must contain at least two ':' characters.
+extract_refs() {
+  json_file=$1
+  grep -hoE '[a-z][a-z0-9_]*:[a-z0-9_]+:[a-z0-9_]+' "$json_file" | sort -u
+}
+
+# Resolve "gpu/foo" -> "$DASHBOARDS_DIR/gpu/foo.json"
+list_tracked_gpu_dashboards() {
+  awk '/^gpu\// { print $0 ".json" }' "$DASHBOARDS_LIST"
+}
+
+@test "every recording rule reference in tracked GPU dashboards has a matching record" {
+  TMP=$(mktemp -d)
+  trap 'rm -rf "$TMP"' EXIT
+
+  extract_rules > "$TMP/rules.txt"
+  [ -s "$TMP/rules.txt" ] || { echo "no recording rules extracted from $RULES_FILE" >&2; exit 1; }
+
+  list_tracked_gpu_dashboards > "$TMP/dashboards.txt"
+  [ -s "$TMP/dashboards.txt" ] || { echo "no gpu/* dashboards listed in $DASHBOARDS_LIST" >&2; exit 1; }
+
+  failed=0
+  while IFS= read -r dashboard_rel; do
+    dashboard="$DASHBOARDS_DIR/$dashboard_rel"
+    if [ ! -f "$dashboard" ]; then
+      echo "ERROR: dashboard listed but file missing: $dashboard" >&2
+      failed=1
+      continue
+    fi
+
+    extract_refs "$dashboard" > "$TMP/refs.txt"
+    # comm -23: lines unique to refs.txt (referenced but not defined)
+    # Both inputs must be sorted; extract_* helpers already sort.
+    comm -23 "$TMP/refs.txt" "$TMP/rules.txt" > "$TMP/missing.txt"
+    if [ -s "$TMP/missing.txt" ]; then
+      echo "ERROR: $dashboard_rel references undefined recording rules:" >&2
+      sed 's/^/  - /' "$TMP/missing.txt" >&2
+      failed=1
+    fi
+  done < "$TMP/dashboards.txt"
+
+  [ "$failed" -eq 0 ]
+}
+
+@test "every tracked GPU dashboard listed in dashboards-infra.list exists on disk" {
+  TMP=$(mktemp -d)
+  trap 'rm -rf "$TMP"' EXIT
+
+  list_tracked_gpu_dashboards > "$TMP/dashboards.txt"
+  [ -s "$TMP/dashboards.txt" ] || { echo "no gpu/* dashboards listed in $DASHBOARDS_LIST" >&2; exit 1; }
+
+  failed=0
+  while IFS= read -r dashboard_rel; do
+    dashboard="$DASHBOARDS_DIR/$dashboard_rel"
+    if [ ! -f "$dashboard" ]; then
+      echo "ERROR: $dashboard_rel listed in dashboards-infra.list but $dashboard does not exist" >&2
+      failed=1
+    fi
+  done < "$TMP/dashboards.txt"
+
+  [ "$failed" -eq 0 ]
+}