WFGY/ProblemMap/GlobalFixMap/RAG_VectorDB
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RAG + VectorDB — Global Fix Map

🏥 Quick Return to Emergency Room

You are in a specialist desk.
For full triage and doctors on duty, return here:

Think of this page as a sub-room.
If you want full consultation and prescriptions, go back to the Emergency Room lobby.

This hub covers typical retrieval bugs caused by vector databases and embeddings.
Use this page if your RAG pipeline looks fine but answers keep drifting, citations dont match, or hybrid retrievers underperform.
Every page here is a guardrail with copy-paste recipes and acceptance targets.


Orientation: what each page means

Fix Page What it solves Typical symptom
metric_mismatch.md Distance metric mismatch (cosine vs L2 vs dot) High similarity numbers but wrong meaning
normalization_and_scaling.md Missing normalization or scaling issues Embeddings with larger norms dominate
tokenization_and_casing.md Tokenizer or casing drift Same text embeds differently across runs
chunking_to_embedding_contract.md Chunking not aligned with embedding model Citations cut mid-sentence or incoherent snippets
vectorstore_fragmentation.md Over-fragmented stores Retrieval pulls incomplete, scattered sections
dimension_mismatch_and_projection.md Embedding and index dimension mismatch Runtime errors or silent drop of vectors
update_and_index_skew.md Index not refreshed after updates Old sections keep showing up
hybrid_retriever_weights.md Hybrid weighting not tuned BM25+ANN underperforms single retriever
duplication_and_near_duplicate_collapse.md Redundant entries collapse signal Top-k filled with near-identical chunks
poisoning_and_contamination.md Malicious or noisy vectors Hallucinations, unsafe content retrieval

When to use this folder

  • Your answers look semantically wrong even though top-k similarity looks high.
  • Citations point to the wrong section or cannot be verified.
  • Hybrid retrieval underperforms vs single retriever.
  • Index seems “healthy” but recall/coverage stays low.

Core acceptance targets

  • ΔS(question, retrieved) ≤ 0.45
  • Coverage of target section ≥ 0.70
  • λ_observe convergent across 3 paraphrases
  • E_resonance flat on long windows

FAQ for newcomers

Why do we need these fixes if VectorDBs are mature?
Because RAG pipelines often break not at the infra level but at the semantic boundary. Even if FAISS, Milvus, or Pinecone run fine, the contracts between embedding, chunking, and retrieval are fragile.

What is metric mismatch and why is it deadly?
If your index uses L2 but embeddings were trained for cosine, the “closest” neighbors are meaningless. This is the single most common RAG failure.

Why do duplicates matter so much?
If your corpus has many repeated sentences, the retriever fills top-k with clones. The LLM sees no diversity and hallucinates.

Is poisoning really a real-world issue?
Yes. Even a single malicious doc can bias retrieval. This page shows how to detect and quarantine them without retraining the whole pipeline.


60-Second Fix Checklist

  1. Lock metrics and analyzers
    One embedding model per field. One distance metric. Same analyzer for read/write.

  2. Enforce snippet contracts
    Require {snippet_id, section_id, source_url, offsets, tokens}.
    → See data-contracts

  3. Tune hybrid retrievers
    Keep candidate lists from BM25 and ANN. Detect query splits.
    → See rerankers

  4. Cold-start fences
    Block traffic until index hash and embedding version match.
    → See bootstrap-ordering

  5. Observability
    Log ΔS and λ. Alert if ΔS ≥ 0.60.


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