diff --git a/app/build.gradle.kts b/app/build.gradle.kts
index b252af1..a9b309d 100644
--- a/app/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/app/build.gradle.kts
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ android {
         applicationId = "com.notcvnt.rknhardering"
         minSdk = 26
         targetSdk = 36
-        versionCode = 20700
-        versionName = "2.7.0"
+        versionCode = 20701
+        versionName = "2.7.1"
         testInstrumentationRunner = "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
         androidResources.localeFilters += listOf("en", "ru", "fa", "zh-rCN")
 
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/CheckResultJsonExportFormatter.kt b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/CheckResultJsonExportFormatter.kt
index bccf952..9be69e4 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/CheckResultJsonExportFormatter.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/CheckResultJsonExportFormatter.kt
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.IpCheckerGroupResult
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.IpCheckerResponse
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.IpComparisonResult
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.IpConsensusResult
+import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.LocationSignalsFacts
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.LocalProxyCheckResult
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.LocalProxyOwner
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.MatchedVpnApp
@@ -74,6 +75,35 @@ internal object CheckResultJsonExportFormatter {
                     },
                 )
                 put("reasons", jsonArray(narrative.reasonRows))
+                narrative.homeRoutedRoamingNote?.let { put("homeRoutedRoamingNote", it) }
+                val locationFacts = snapshot.result.locationSignals.locationFacts
+                if (locationFacts != null) {
+                    put("homeRoutedRoaming", locationFacts.homeRoutedRoaming)
+                    put(
+                        "roamingDiagnostics",
+                        JSONObject().apply {
+                            put("networkMcc", locationFacts.networkMcc)
+                            put("networkMnc", locationFacts.networkMnc)
+                            put("networkCountryIso", locationFacts.networkCountryIso)
+                            put("networkIsRussia", locationFacts.networkIsRussia)
+                            put("homeSimMcc", locationFacts.homeSimMcc)
+                            put("homeSimMnc", locationFacts.homeSimMnc)
+                            put("homeSimCountryIso", locationFacts.homeSimCountryIso)
+                            put("homeSimCountryIsRussia", locationFacts.homeSimCountryIsRussia)
+                            put("homeSimOperatorName", locationFacts.homeSimOperatorName?.let {
+                                maskExportValue(it, snapshot.privacyMode)
+                            })
+                            put("anySimReportedRoaming", locationFacts.anySimReportedRoaming)
+                            put("homeRoutedRoamingReason", locationFacts.homeRoutedRoamingReason)
+                            val expectedExit = snapshot.result.geoIp.geoFacts?.expectedRoamingExit == true
+                            put("expectedRoamingExit", expectedExit)
+                            put(
+                                "expectedRoamingExitReason",
+                                snapshot.result.geoIp.geoFacts?.expectedRoamingExitReason,
+                            )
+                        },
+                    )
+                }
             },
         )
         root.put(
@@ -111,6 +141,7 @@ internal object CheckResultJsonExportFormatter {
             put("callTransportLeaks", JSONArray().apply { category.callTransportLeaks.forEach { put(callTransportLeakToJson(it, privacyMode)) } })
             put("stunProbeGroups", JSONArray().apply { category.stunProbeGroups.forEach { put(stunProbeGroupToJson(it, privacyMode)) } })
             category.geoFacts?.let { put("geoFacts", geoFactsToJson(it, privacyMode)) }
+            category.locationFacts?.let { put("locationFacts", locationFactsToJson(it, privacyMode)) }
         }
     }
 
@@ -119,10 +150,33 @@ internal object CheckResultJsonExportFormatter {
             put("ip", maskExportIp(facts.ip, privacyMode))
             put("countryCode", facts.countryCode)
             put("asn", facts.asn?.let { maskExportValue(it, privacyMode) })
+            put("asnCode", facts.asnCode)
+            put("isp", facts.isp?.let { maskExportValue(it, privacyMode) })
+            put("org", facts.org?.let { maskExportValue(it, privacyMode) })
             put("outsideRu", facts.outsideRu)
             put("hosting", facts.hosting)
             put("proxyDb", facts.proxyDb)
             put("fetchError", facts.fetchError)
+            put("expectedRoamingExit", facts.expectedRoamingExit)
+            put("expectedRoamingExitReason", facts.expectedRoamingExitReason)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun locationFactsToJson(facts: LocationSignalsFacts, privacyMode: Boolean): JSONObject {
+        return JSONObject().apply {
+            put("networkMcc", facts.networkMcc)
+            put("networkMnc", facts.networkMnc)
+            put("networkCountryIso", facts.networkCountryIso)
+            put("networkOperatorName", facts.networkOperatorName?.let { maskExportValue(it, privacyMode) })
+            put("networkIsRussia", facts.networkIsRussia)
+            put("homeSimMcc", facts.homeSimMcc)
+            put("homeSimMnc", facts.homeSimMnc)
+            put("homeSimCountryIso", facts.homeSimCountryIso)
+            put("homeSimCountryIsRussia", facts.homeSimCountryIsRussia)
+            put("homeSimOperatorName", facts.homeSimOperatorName?.let { maskExportValue(it, privacyMode) })
+            put("anySimReportedRoaming", facts.anySimReportedRoaming)
+            put("homeRoutedRoaming", facts.homeRoutedRoaming)
+            put("homeRoutedRoamingReason", facts.homeRoutedRoamingReason)
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/MainActivity.kt b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/MainActivity.kt
index 4b9b4a9..f75bd5c 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/MainActivity.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/MainActivity.kt
@@ -273,6 +273,7 @@ class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
     private lateinit var iconVerdict: ImageView
     private lateinit var textVerdict: TextView
     private lateinit var textVerdictExplanation: TextView
+    private lateinit var textVerdictHomeRoutedRoamingNote: TextView
     private lateinit var btnVerdictDetails: MaterialButton
     private lateinit var verdictDetailsDivider: View
     private lateinit var verdictDetailsContent: LinearLayout
@@ -522,6 +523,7 @@ class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
         iconVerdict = findViewById(R.id.iconVerdict)
         textVerdict = findViewById(R.id.textVerdict)
         textVerdictExplanation = findViewById(R.id.textVerdictExplanation)
+        textVerdictHomeRoutedRoamingNote = findViewById(R.id.textVerdictHomeRoutedRoamingNote)
         btnVerdictDetails = findViewById(R.id.btnVerdictDetails)
         verdictDetailsDivider = findViewById(R.id.verdictDetailsDivider)
         verdictDetailsContent = findViewById(R.id.verdictDetailsContent)
@@ -3019,6 +3021,19 @@ class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
         textVerdictExplanation.text = narrative.explanation
         textVerdictExplanation.visibility = View.VISIBLE
 
+        val note = narrative.homeRoutedRoamingNote
+        if (note != null) {
+            textVerdictHomeRoutedRoamingNote.text = note
+            textVerdictHomeRoutedRoamingNote.visibility = View.VISIBLE
+            textVerdictHomeRoutedRoamingNote.setTextColor(onSurfaceColor())
+            textVerdictHomeRoutedRoamingNote.setBackgroundResource(
+                R.drawable.bg_verdict_home_routed_roaming_note,
+            )
+        } else {
+            textVerdictHomeRoutedRoamingNote.text = ""
+            textVerdictHomeRoutedRoamingNote.visibility = View.GONE
+        }
+
         verdictDetailsContent.removeAllViews()
         addVerdictSection(
             title = getString(R.string.main_verdict_section_meaning),
@@ -3111,6 +3126,8 @@ class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
         textVerdict.text = ""
         textVerdictExplanation.text = ""
         textVerdictExplanation.visibility = View.GONE
+        textVerdictHomeRoutedRoamingNote.text = ""
+        textVerdictHomeRoutedRoamingNote.visibility = View.GONE
         verdictDetailsDivider.visibility = View.GONE
         btnVerdictDetails.visibility = View.GONE
         btnVerdictDetails.text = getString(R.string.main_verdict_details)
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/VerdictNarrative.kt b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/VerdictNarrative.kt
index 575f753..1945589 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/VerdictNarrative.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/VerdictNarrative.kt
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ data class VerdictNarrative(
     val meaningRows: List<String>,
     val discoveredRows: List<NarrativeRow>,
     val reasonRows: List<String>,
+    val homeRoutedRoamingNote: String? = null,
 )
 
 object VerdictNarrativeBuilder {
@@ -57,9 +58,30 @@ object VerdictNarrativeBuilder {
             meaningRows = buildMeaningRows(context, result.verdict, exposureStatus),
             discoveredRows = buildDiscoveredRows(context, snapshot, exposureStatus, privacyMode),
             reasonRows = buildReasonRows(context, result),
+            homeRoutedRoamingNote = buildHomeRoutedRoamingNote(context, result),
         )
     }
 
+    private fun buildHomeRoutedRoamingNote(context: Context, result: CheckResult): String? {
+        val facts = result.locationSignals.locationFacts ?: return null
+        if (!facts.homeRoutedRoaming) return null
+        val operator = facts.homeSimOperatorName?.takeIf { it.isNotBlank() }
+        val country = facts.homeSimCountryIso?.takeIf { it.isNotBlank() }
+        val asnConfirmed = result.geoIp.geoFacts?.expectedRoamingExit == true
+        return when {
+            asnConfirmed && operator != null && country != null ->
+                context.getString(R.string.narrative_home_routed_roaming_confirmed, operator, country)
+            asnConfirmed && country != null ->
+                context.getString(R.string.narrative_home_routed_roaming_confirmed_country, country)
+            operator != null && country != null ->
+                context.getString(R.string.narrative_home_routed_roaming_likely, operator, country)
+            country != null ->
+                context.getString(R.string.narrative_home_routed_roaming_likely_country, country)
+            else ->
+                context.getString(R.string.narrative_home_routed_roaming_generic)
+        }
+    }
+
     private fun collectSnapshot(context: Context, result: CheckResult): Snapshot {
         val xrayApi = result.bypassResult.xrayApiScanResult
         val gatewayLeakFinding = result.bypassResult.findings.firstOrNull {
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/BypassChecker.kt b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/BypassChecker.kt
index 8b048b5..a6801a3 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/BypassChecker.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/BypassChecker.kt
@@ -473,31 +473,40 @@ object BypassChecker {
 
         val proxyDetected = proxyCheck.status == LocalProxyCheckStatus.CONFIRMED_BYPASS
 
+        // Treat AUTH_REQUIRED endpoints with no resolved owner as informational
+        // noise: bypass cannot be confirmed (no probe possible) and we can't
+        // attribute the listening socket to a known app. Emitting them as
+        // evidence inflates the verdict and confuses the user.
+        val authRequiredUnresolved = proxyCheck.status == LocalProxyCheckStatus.AUTH_REQUIRED &&
+            proxyCheck.ownerStatus == LocalProxyOwnerStatus.UNRESOLVED
         findings.add(
             Finding(
                 description = description,
                 detected = proxyDetected,
-                needsReview = !proxyDetected,
+                needsReview = !proxyDetected && !authRequiredUnresolved,
+                isInformational = authRequiredUnresolved,
                 source = EvidenceSource.LOCAL_PROXY,
                 confidence = EvidenceConfidence.MEDIUM,
                 family = familySuffix,
                 packageName = LocalProxyOwnerFormatter.packageName(proxyCheck.owner),
             ),
         )
-        evidence.add(
-            EvidenceItem(
-                source = EvidenceSource.LOCAL_PROXY,
-                detected = true,
-                confidence = EvidenceConfidence.MEDIUM,
-                description = buildString {
-                    append("Detected open ${proxyEndpoint.type.name} proxy at ${formatHostPort(proxyEndpoint.host, proxyEndpoint.port)}")
-                    append(formatOwnerSuffix(context, proxyCheck.owner, proxyCheck.ownerStatus))
-                    append(ownerMetadataSuffix)
-                },
-                family = familySuffix,
-                packageName = LocalProxyOwnerFormatter.packageName(proxyCheck.owner),
-            ),
-        )
+        if (!authRequiredUnresolved) {
+            evidence.add(
+                EvidenceItem(
+                    source = EvidenceSource.LOCAL_PROXY,
+                    detected = true,
+                    confidence = EvidenceConfidence.MEDIUM,
+                    description = buildString {
+                        append("Detected open ${proxyEndpoint.type.name} proxy at ${formatHostPort(proxyEndpoint.host, proxyEndpoint.port)}")
+                        append(formatOwnerSuffix(context, proxyCheck.owner, proxyCheck.ownerStatus))
+                        append(ownerMetadataSuffix)
+                    },
+                    family = familySuffix,
+                    packageName = LocalProxyOwnerFormatter.packageName(proxyCheck.owner),
+                ),
+            )
+        }
 
         if (proxyCheck.status != LocalProxyCheckStatus.AUTH_REQUIRED) {
             findings.add(Finding(context.getString(R.string.checker_bypass_proxy_ip, proxyCheck.proxyIp ?: unavailable)))
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/CdnPullingChecker.kt b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/CdnPullingChecker.kt
index 03fbdd9..1ce19d5 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/CdnPullingChecker.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/CdnPullingChecker.kt
@@ -207,16 +207,23 @@ object CdnPullingChecker {
         }.distinct()
 
         val allSuccessfulResponsesExposeIp = successfulResponses.isNotEmpty() && successfulResponses.all { it.ip != null }
-        val allActionableResponsesExposeIp = actionableResponses.isNotEmpty() && actionableResponses.all { it.ip != null }
         val hasError = successfulCount == 0
         val detected = actionableCount > 0
 
         val ipv4Conflict = actionableIpv4s.size > 1
         val ipv6Conflict = actionableIpv6s.size > 1
+        // Only raise review if we actually saw conflicting IPs across actionable
+        // targets. A single actionable target without an exposed IP is not a
+        // signal — it just means the endpoint did not advertise one. Likewise,
+        // partial successes (some endpoints failed entirely) are reported via
+        // the per-finding error path, not by flagging the whole card.
+        val ipv4MismatchAcrossAll = allIpv4s.size > 1
+        val ipv6MismatchAcrossAll = allIpv6s.size > 1
         val needsReview = detected && (
             ipv4Conflict ||
                 ipv6Conflict ||
-                !allActionableResponsesExposeIp
+                ipv4MismatchAcrossAll ||
+                ipv6MismatchAcrossAll
         )
 
         val findings = buildFindings(successfulResponses, responses)
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/GeoIpChecker.kt b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/GeoIpChecker.kt
index 706be2b..6a58623 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/GeoIpChecker.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/GeoIpChecker.kt
@@ -539,10 +539,14 @@ object GeoIpChecker {
 
         val countryCode = snapshot.countryCode.uppercase().ifBlank { null }
         val outsideRu = countryCode != null && countryCode != "RU"
+        val asn = snapshot.asn.takeUnless { it.isBlank() || it == "N/A" }
         val geoFacts = GeoIpFacts(
             ip = snapshot.ip.takeUnless { it.isBlank() || it == "N/A" },
             countryCode = countryCode,
-            asn = snapshot.asn.takeUnless { it.isBlank() || it == "N/A" },
+            asn = asn,
+            asnCode = HomeNetworkCatalog.extractAsnCode(asn),
+            isp = snapshot.isp.takeUnless { it.isBlank() || it == "N/A" },
+            org = snapshot.org.takeUnless { it.isBlank() || it == "N/A" },
             outsideRu = outsideRu,
             hosting = snapshot.isHosting,
             proxyDb = snapshot.isProxy,
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/HomeNetworkCatalog.kt b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/HomeNetworkCatalog.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e3430e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/HomeNetworkCatalog.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+package com.notcvnt.rknhardering.checker
+
+/**
+ * Static catalog of home networks for SIM operators we want to recognize as
+ * "expected roaming exit" — the operator's home APN/PGW always terminates the
+ * data session, so when the user is roaming the public IP belongs to the home
+ * network instead of the visited country. Without this knowledge such legit
+ * roaming is indistinguishable from a real bypass.
+ *
+ * Keys are `MCC` ("250") or `MCC-MNC` ("208-15"). MCC-only entries match any
+ * MNC of that country (used as a fallback when MNC is unknown).
+ *
+ * The entry stores ASN codes (e.g. 51207) and substring keywords that we look
+ * for in the GeoIP `isp` / `org` / `asn` strings. ASN match is the strong
+ * signal; keywords are a fallback when the ASN field isn't structured.
+ */
+internal data class HomeNetworkProfile(
+    val mcc: String,
+    val mnc: String?,
+    val country: String,
+    val operator: String,
+    val asnCodes: Set<String>,
+    val keywords: Set<String>,
+)
+
+internal object HomeNetworkCatalog {
+
+    private val PROFILES: List<HomeNetworkProfile> = listOf(
+        // France — Free Mobile (issue #63)
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "208",
+            mnc = "15",
+            country = "FR",
+            operator = "Free Mobile",
+            asnCodes = setOf("51207"),
+            keywords = setOf("free mobile", "free sas"),
+        ),
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "208",
+            mnc = "16",
+            country = "FR",
+            operator = "Free Mobile",
+            asnCodes = setOf("51207"),
+            keywords = setOf("free mobile", "free sas"),
+        ),
+        // France — Orange
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "208",
+            mnc = "01",
+            country = "FR",
+            operator = "Orange",
+            asnCodes = setOf("3215"),
+            keywords = setOf("orange s.a.", "france telecom", "orange france"),
+        ),
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "208",
+            mnc = "02",
+            country = "FR",
+            operator = "Orange",
+            asnCodes = setOf("3215"),
+            keywords = setOf("orange s.a.", "france telecom", "orange france"),
+        ),
+        // France — SFR
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "208",
+            mnc = "10",
+            country = "FR",
+            operator = "SFR",
+            asnCodes = setOf("15557"),
+            keywords = setOf("sfr", "societe francaise du radiotelephone"),
+        ),
+        // France — Bouygues Telecom
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "208",
+            mnc = "20",
+            country = "FR",
+            operator = "Bouygues Telecom",
+            asnCodes = setOf("5410"),
+            keywords = setOf("bouygues"),
+        ),
+        // Germany — Deutsche Telekom
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "262",
+            mnc = "01",
+            country = "DE",
+            operator = "Telekom Deutschland",
+            asnCodes = setOf("3320"),
+            keywords = setOf("deutsche telekom", "telekom deutschland"),
+        ),
+        // Germany — Vodafone
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "262",
+            mnc = "02",
+            country = "DE",
+            operator = "Vodafone",
+            asnCodes = setOf("3209", "1273"),
+            keywords = setOf("vodafone gmbh", "vodafone germany"),
+        ),
+        // Germany — Telefonica O2
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "262",
+            mnc = "07",
+            country = "DE",
+            operator = "Telefonica O2",
+            asnCodes = setOf("6805", "13184"),
+            keywords = setOf("telefonica germany", "o2 deutschland"),
+        ),
+        // United Kingdom — EE / BT
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "234",
+            mnc = "30",
+            country = "GB",
+            operator = "EE",
+            asnCodes = setOf("12576", "5378"),
+            keywords = setOf("ee limited", "everything everywhere"),
+        ),
+        // United Kingdom — Vodafone
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "234",
+            mnc = "15",
+            country = "GB",
+            operator = "Vodafone UK",
+            asnCodes = setOf("1273"),
+            keywords = setOf("vodafone limited", "vodafone uk"),
+        ),
+        // United Kingdom — O2
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "234",
+            mnc = "10",
+            country = "GB",
+            operator = "O2 UK",
+            asnCodes = setOf("5607"),
+            keywords = setOf("telefonica uk", "o2 uk"),
+        ),
+        // Italy — TIM
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "222",
+            mnc = "01",
+            country = "IT",
+            operator = "TIM",
+            asnCodes = setOf("3269"),
+            keywords = setOf("telecom italia", "tim s.p.a."),
+        ),
+        // Italy — Vodafone
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "222",
+            mnc = "10",
+            country = "IT",
+            operator = "Vodafone Italia",
+            asnCodes = setOf("30722"),
+            keywords = setOf("vodafone italia"),
+        ),
+        // Spain — Movistar
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "214",
+            mnc = "07",
+            country = "ES",
+            operator = "Movistar",
+            asnCodes = setOf("3352"),
+            keywords = setOf("telefonica de espana", "movistar"),
+        ),
+        // Netherlands — KPN
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "204",
+            mnc = "08",
+            country = "NL",
+            operator = "KPN",
+            asnCodes = setOf("1136"),
+            keywords = setOf("kpn b.v.", "kpn mobile"),
+        ),
+        // Poland — Orange / Play / Plus / T-Mobile
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "260",
+            mnc = "03",
+            country = "PL",
+            operator = "Orange Polska",
+            asnCodes = setOf("5617"),
+            keywords = setOf("orange polska"),
+        ),
+        // United States — T-Mobile
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "310",
+            mnc = "260",
+            country = "US",
+            operator = "T-Mobile USA",
+            asnCodes = setOf("21928"),
+            keywords = setOf("t-mobile usa"),
+        ),
+        // United States — AT&T
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "310",
+            mnc = "410",
+            country = "US",
+            operator = "AT&T Mobility",
+            asnCodes = setOf("20057", "7018"),
+            keywords = setOf("at&t mobility", "cellco partnership", "at&t services"),
+        ),
+        // United States — Verizon
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "311",
+            mnc = "480",
+            country = "US",
+            operator = "Verizon Wireless",
+            asnCodes = setOf("22394", "6167"),
+            keywords = setOf("verizon wireless", "cellco partnership"),
+        ),
+        // Belarus — A1 / MTS / Life
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "257",
+            mnc = null,
+            country = "BY",
+            operator = "Belarus mobile carrier",
+            asnCodes = setOf("6697", "25106", "44087"),
+            keywords = setOf("a1 belarus", "mobile telesystems llc", "best ltd"),
+        ),
+        // Kazakhstan — Beeline / Kcell / Tele2
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "401",
+            mnc = null,
+            country = "KZ",
+            operator = "Kazakhstan mobile carrier",
+            asnCodes = setOf("21299", "29355", "35168"),
+            keywords = setOf("kar-tel", "kcell", "mobile telecom-service"),
+        ),
+        // Ukraine — Kyivstar / Vodafone UA / lifecell
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "255",
+            mnc = null,
+            country = "UA",
+            operator = "Ukraine mobile carrier",
+            asnCodes = setOf("15895", "21497", "34058"),
+            keywords = setOf("kyivstar", "pjsc vf ukraine", "lifecell"),
+        ),
+        // Turkey — Turkcell / Vodafone TR
+        HomeNetworkProfile(
+            mcc = "286",
+            mnc = "01",
+            country = "TR",
+            operator = "Turkcell",
+            asnCodes = setOf("16135"),
+            keywords = setOf("turkcell"),
+        ),
+    )
+
+    fun lookup(mcc: String?, mnc: String?): HomeNetworkProfile? {
+        if (mcc.isNullOrBlank()) return null
+        if (!mnc.isNullOrBlank()) {
+            val exact = PROFILES.firstOrNull { it.mcc == mcc && it.mnc == mnc }
+            if (exact != null) return exact
+        }
+        return PROFILES.firstOrNull { it.mcc == mcc && it.mnc == null }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Try to match `geoFacts` ASN/ISP strings against the SIM home network.
+     * Returns reason string (for debugging/UI) on match, null otherwise.
+     */
+    fun matchExpectedExit(profile: HomeNetworkProfile, asn: String?, isp: String?, org: String?): String? {
+        val asnCode = extractAsnCode(asn)
+        if (asnCode != null && asnCode in profile.asnCodes) {
+            return "ASN AS$asnCode matches ${profile.operator} home network (${profile.country})"
+        }
+        val haystack = listOf(asn, isp, org)
+            .filterNotNull()
+            .joinToString(" | ") { it.lowercase() }
+        if (haystack.isBlank()) return null
+        val keyword = profile.keywords.firstOrNull { it in haystack }
+        return if (keyword != null) {
+            "ISP/ORG matches ${profile.operator} home network (${profile.country})"
+        } else {
+            null
+        }
+    }
+
+    private val ASN_REGEX = Regex("""AS\s*(\d+)""", RegexOption.IGNORE_CASE)
+
+    fun extractAsnCode(asn: String?): String? {
+        if (asn.isNullOrBlank()) return null
+        return ASN_REGEX.find(asn)?.groupValues?.getOrNull(1)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/LocationSignalsChecker.kt b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/LocationSignalsChecker.kt
index 2a495e6..f9a95fb 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/LocationSignalsChecker.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/LocationSignalsChecker.kt
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.EvidenceConfidence
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.EvidenceItem
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.EvidenceSource
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.Finding
+import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.LocationSignalsFacts
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.network.DnsResolverConfig
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CancellableContinuation
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@ object LocationSignalsChecker {
         val simCountryIso: String?,
         val operatorName: String?,
         val isRoaming: Boolean?,
+        val simMnc: String? = null,
     )
 
     private data class CellCollectionResult(
@@ -74,6 +76,7 @@ object LocationSignalsChecker {
         val networkCountryIso: String?,
         val networkOperatorName: String?,
         val simCards: List<SimCardInfo>,
+        val networkMnc: String? = null,
         val cellCountryCode: String?,
         val cellLookupSummary: String?,
         val cellCandidatesCount: Int,
@@ -133,6 +136,7 @@ object LocationSignalsChecker {
         val wifiFeatureAvailable = context.packageManager.hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_WIFI)
 
         var networkMcc: String? = null
+        var networkMnc: String? = null
         var networkCountryIso: String? = null
         var networkOperatorName: String? = null
         var cellCountryCode: String? = null
@@ -145,6 +149,8 @@ object LocationSignalsChecker {
             val networkOperator = tm.networkOperator
             if (!networkOperator.isNullOrEmpty() && networkOperator.length >= 3) {
                 networkMcc = networkOperator.substring(0, 3)
+                networkMnc = networkOperator.substring(3)
+                    .takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() }
             }
             networkCountryIso = tm.networkCountryIso?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() }
             networkOperatorName = tm.networkOperatorName?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() }
@@ -192,6 +198,7 @@ object LocationSignalsChecker {
 
         return LocationSnapshot(
             networkMcc = networkMcc,
+            networkMnc = networkMnc,
             networkCountryIso = networkCountryIso,
             networkOperatorName = networkOperatorName,
             simCards = simCards,
@@ -260,12 +267,20 @@ object LocationSignalsChecker {
                     val simMcc = if (!simOperator.isNullOrEmpty() && simOperator.length >= 3) {
                         simOperator.substring(0, 3)
                     } else null
+                    val simMnc = if (!simOperator.isNullOrEmpty() && simOperator.length > 3) {
+                        simOperator.substring(3)
+                    } else null
+                    val simCountryIso = subTm.simCountryIso?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() }
+                        ?: info.countryIso?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() }
                     SimCardInfo(
                         slotIndex = info.simSlotIndex,
                         subscriptionId = info.subscriptionId,
                         simMcc = simMcc,
-                        simCountryIso = subTm.simCountryIso?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() },
-                        operatorName = subTm.networkOperatorName?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() },
+                        simMnc = simMnc,
+                        simCountryIso = simCountryIso,
+                        operatorName = info.carrierName?.toString()?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() }
+                            ?: subTm.simOperatorName?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() }
+                            ?: subTm.networkOperatorName?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() },
                         isRoaming = subTm.isNetworkRoaming,
                     )
                 }.getOrNull()
@@ -278,13 +293,18 @@ object LocationSignalsChecker {
             val simMcc = if (!simOperator.isNullOrEmpty() && simOperator.length >= 3) {
                 simOperator.substring(0, 3)
             } else null
+            val simMnc = if (!simOperator.isNullOrEmpty() && simOperator.length > 3) {
+                simOperator.substring(3)
+            } else null
             listOf(
                 SimCardInfo(
                     slotIndex = 0,
                     subscriptionId = -1,
                     simMcc = simMcc,
+                    simMnc = simMnc,
                     simCountryIso = tm.simCountryIso?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() },
-                    operatorName = tm.networkOperatorName?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() },
+                    operatorName = tm.simOperatorName?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() }
+                        ?: tm.networkOperatorName?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() },
                     isRoaming = tm.isNetworkRoaming,
                 )
             )
@@ -872,11 +892,38 @@ object LocationSignalsChecker {
         val evidence = mutableListOf<EvidenceItem>()
         var needsReview = false
 
+        // Pick "home" SIM for the home-routed-roaming heuristic. Prefer the
+        // first SIM with a known MCC; fall back to the first card we have.
+        val homeSim = snapshot.simCards.firstOrNull { !it.simMcc.isNullOrBlank() }
+            ?: snapshot.simCards.firstOrNull()
+        val homeSimCountryIsRussia = homeSim?.simMcc == RUSSIA_MCC
+        val networkIsRussia = snapshot.networkMcc == RUSSIA_MCC
+        val homeRoutedRoaming = networkIsRussia &&
+            homeSim?.simMcc != null &&
+            !homeSimCountryIsRussia
+        val homeRoutedRoamingReason = if (homeRoutedRoaming && homeSim != null) {
+            val simCountry = homeSim.simCountryIso?.uppercase(Locale.US)
+                ?: countryFromMcc(homeSim.simMcc)
+                ?: "?"
+            "Home SIM MCC ${homeSim.simMcc} ($simCountry) on visited Russian network MCC ${snapshot.networkMcc}"
+        } else {
+            null
+        }
+        val anySimReportedRoaming = snapshot.simCards.any { it.isRoaming == true } ||
+            // Telephony sometimes returns isRoaming=false for foreign SIM in RU
+            // (e.g. Free Mobile in RU); fall back to MCC mismatch heuristic.
+            snapshot.simCards.any {
+                !it.simMcc.isNullOrBlank() &&
+                    !snapshot.networkMcc.isNullOrBlank() &&
+                    it.simMcc != snapshot.networkMcc
+            }
+
         if (snapshot.networkMcc == null) {
             findings += Finding("PLMN: network MCC is unavailable")
         } else {
-            val networkCountry = snapshot.networkCountryIso?.uppercase(Locale.US) ?: "N/A"
-            val networkIsRussia = snapshot.networkMcc == RUSSIA_MCC
+            val networkCountry = snapshot.networkCountryIso?.uppercase(Locale.US)
+                ?: countryFromMcc(snapshot.networkMcc)
+                ?: "N/A"
 
             findings += Finding(
                 description = "Network operator: ${snapshot.networkOperatorName ?: "N/A"} ($networkCountry)",
@@ -891,22 +938,63 @@ object LocationSignalsChecker {
             }
 
             for (sim in snapshot.simCards) {
-                val simCountry = sim.simCountryIso?.uppercase(Locale.US) ?: "N/A"
+                // Prefer simCountryIso for the SIM label — historically this
+                // was sourced from the network, mislabelling foreign SIMs as
+                // RU when registered on a Russian visited network.
+                val simCountry = sim.simCountryIso?.uppercase(Locale.US)
+                    ?: countryFromMcc(sim.simMcc)
+                    ?: "N/A"
                 val operatorPart = sim.operatorName?.let { ", $it" } ?: ""
                 findings += Finding(
                     description = "SIM[${sim.slotIndex}] MCC: ${sim.simMcc ?: "N/A"} ($simCountry)$operatorPart",
                     isInformational = true,
                 )
-                when (sim.isRoaming) {
-                    true -> findings += Finding("SIM[${sim.slotIndex}] Roaming: yes", isInformational = true)
-                    false -> findings += Finding("SIM[${sim.slotIndex}] Roaming: no", isInformational = true)
-                    null -> Unit
+                val effectiveRoaming: Boolean? = when {
+                    sim.isRoaming == true -> true
+                    !sim.simMcc.isNullOrBlank() &&
+                        !snapshot.networkMcc.isNullOrBlank() &&
+                        sim.simMcc != snapshot.networkMcc -> true
+                    sim.isRoaming == false -> false
+                    else -> null
+                }
+                val roamingLabel = when (effectiveRoaming) {
+                    true -> "yes"
+                    false -> "no"
+                    null -> null
+                }
+                if (roamingLabel != null) {
+                    findings += Finding(
+                        description = "SIM[${sim.slotIndex}] Roaming: $roamingLabel",
+                        isInformational = true,
+                    )
                 }
             }
 
+            if (homeRoutedRoaming) {
+                val description = "home_routed_roaming:true (home SIM MCC ${homeSim?.simMcc}, " +
+                    "visited network MCC ${snapshot.networkMcc})"
+                findings += Finding(
+                    description = description,
+                    source = EvidenceSource.HOME_ROUTED_ROAMING,
+                    confidence = EvidenceConfidence.MEDIUM,
+                    isInformational = false,
+                )
+                evidence += EvidenceItem(
+                    source = EvidenceSource.HOME_ROUTED_ROAMING,
+                    detected = true,
+                    confidence = EvidenceConfidence.MEDIUM,
+                    description = homeRoutedRoamingReason
+                        ?: "Foreign SIM connected via Russian visited network",
+                )
+            }
+
             if (!networkIsRussia) {
+                // Foreign visited network. If this is a Russian SIM roaming
+                // abroad (homeSimCountryIsRussia), the public IP is expected
+                // to belong to the home (Russian) operator and bypass cannot
+                // be inferred from country alone — drop confidence to LOW.
                 val matchingSim = snapshot.simCards.firstOrNull { it.simMcc == snapshot.networkMcc }
-                val confidence = if (matchingSim?.isRoaming == true) {
+                val confidence = if (matchingSim?.isRoaming == true || homeSimCountryIsRussia) {
                     EvidenceConfidence.LOW
                 } else {
                     EvidenceConfidence.MEDIUM
@@ -980,15 +1068,35 @@ object LocationSignalsChecker {
         }
 
         val detected = evidence.any {
-            it.detected && it.confidence >= EvidenceConfidence.MEDIUM
+            it.detected &&
+                it.confidence >= EvidenceConfidence.MEDIUM &&
+                it.source != EvidenceSource.HOME_ROUTED_ROAMING
         }
 
+        val locationFacts = LocationSignalsFacts(
+            networkMcc = snapshot.networkMcc,
+            networkMnc = snapshot.networkMnc,
+            networkCountryIso = snapshot.networkCountryIso?.uppercase(Locale.US),
+            networkOperatorName = snapshot.networkOperatorName,
+            networkIsRussia = networkIsRussia,
+            homeSimMcc = homeSim?.simMcc,
+            homeSimMnc = homeSim?.simMnc,
+            homeSimCountryIso = homeSim?.simCountryIso?.uppercase(Locale.US)
+                ?: countryFromMcc(homeSim?.simMcc),
+            homeSimCountryIsRussia = homeSimCountryIsRussia,
+            homeSimOperatorName = homeSim?.operatorName,
+            anySimReportedRoaming = anySimReportedRoaming,
+            homeRoutedRoaming = homeRoutedRoaming,
+            homeRoutedRoamingReason = homeRoutedRoamingReason,
+        )
+
         val result = CategoryResult(
             name = "Location signals",
             detected = detected,
             findings = findings,
             needsReview = needsReview,
             evidence = evidence,
+            locationFacts = locationFacts,
         )
         return LocationSignalsDiagnosticsRegistry.attach(
             result,
@@ -1016,4 +1124,75 @@ object LocationSignalsChecker {
     }
 
     private val MAC_ADDRESS_REGEX = Regex("^[0-9a-f]{2}(?::[0-9a-f]{2}){5}$")
+
+    /**
+     * Lightweight MCC → ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 lookup for the most common
+     * countries. Used to label SIM/Network country when telephony APIs
+     * return blank simCountryIso (typical when SIM-MCC and Network-MCC
+     * disagree). Not exhaustive — falls back to null.
+     */
+    private fun countryFromMcc(mcc: String?): String? {
+        if (mcc.isNullOrBlank()) return null
+        return MCC_TO_ISO[mcc]
+    }
+
+    private val MCC_TO_ISO: Map<String, String> = mapOf(
+        "202" to "GR", "204" to "NL", "206" to "BE", "208" to "FR",
+        "212" to "MC", "213" to "AD", "214" to "ES", "216" to "HU",
+        "218" to "BA", "219" to "HR", "220" to "RS", "222" to "IT",
+        "226" to "RO", "228" to "CH", "230" to "CZ", "231" to "SK",
+        "232" to "AT", "234" to "GB", "235" to "GB", "238" to "DK",
+        "240" to "SE", "242" to "NO", "244" to "FI", "246" to "LT",
+        "247" to "LV", "248" to "EE", "250" to "RU", "255" to "UA",
+        "257" to "BY", "259" to "MD", "260" to "PL", "262" to "DE",
+        "266" to "GI", "268" to "PT", "270" to "LU", "272" to "IE",
+        "274" to "IS", "276" to "AL", "278" to "MT", "280" to "CY",
+        "282" to "GE", "283" to "AM", "284" to "BG", "286" to "TR",
+        "288" to "FO", "290" to "GL", "293" to "SI", "294" to "MK",
+        "295" to "LI", "297" to "ME", "310" to "US", "311" to "US",
+        "312" to "US", "313" to "US", "314" to "US", "315" to "US",
+        "316" to "US", "330" to "PR", "334" to "MX", "338" to "JM",
+        "340" to "MQ", "342" to "BB", "346" to "KY", "348" to "VG",
+        "350" to "BM", "352" to "GD", "354" to "MS", "356" to "KN",
+        "358" to "LC", "360" to "VC", "362" to "AN", "363" to "AW",
+        "364" to "BS", "365" to "AI", "366" to "DM", "368" to "CU",
+        "370" to "DO", "372" to "HT", "374" to "TT", "376" to "TC",
+        "400" to "AZ", "401" to "KZ", "402" to "BT", "404" to "IN",
+        "405" to "IN", "410" to "PK", "412" to "AF", "413" to "LK",
+        "414" to "MM", "415" to "LB", "416" to "JO", "417" to "SY",
+        "418" to "IQ", "419" to "KW", "420" to "SA", "421" to "YE",
+        "422" to "OM", "424" to "AE", "425" to "IL", "426" to "BH",
+        "427" to "QA", "428" to "MN", "429" to "NP", "430" to "AE",
+        "431" to "AE", "432" to "IR", "434" to "UZ", "436" to "TJ",
+        "437" to "KG", "438" to "TM", "440" to "JP", "441" to "JP",
+        "450" to "KR", "452" to "VN", "454" to "HK", "455" to "MO",
+        "456" to "KH", "457" to "LA", "460" to "CN", "461" to "CN",
+        "466" to "TW", "467" to "KP", "470" to "BD", "472" to "MV",
+        "502" to "MY", "505" to "AU", "510" to "ID", "514" to "TL",
+        "515" to "PH", "520" to "TH", "525" to "SG", "528" to "BN",
+        "530" to "NZ", "534" to "MP", "535" to "GU", "536" to "NR",
+        "537" to "PG", "539" to "TO", "540" to "SB", "541" to "VU",
+        "542" to "FJ", "543" to "WF", "544" to "AS", "545" to "KI",
+        "546" to "NC", "547" to "PF", "548" to "CK", "549" to "WS",
+        "550" to "FM", "551" to "MH", "552" to "PW", "602" to "EG",
+        "603" to "DZ", "604" to "MA", "605" to "TN", "606" to "LY",
+        "607" to "GM", "608" to "SN", "609" to "MR", "610" to "ML",
+        "611" to "GN", "612" to "CI", "613" to "BF", "614" to "NE",
+        "615" to "TG", "616" to "BJ", "617" to "MU", "618" to "LR",
+        "619" to "SL", "620" to "GH", "621" to "NG", "622" to "TD",
+        "623" to "CF", "624" to "CM", "625" to "CV", "626" to "ST",
+        "627" to "GQ", "628" to "GA", "629" to "CG", "630" to "CD",
+        "631" to "AO", "632" to "GW", "633" to "SC", "634" to "SD",
+        "635" to "RW", "636" to "ET", "637" to "SO", "638" to "DJ",
+        "639" to "KE", "640" to "TZ", "641" to "UG", "642" to "BI",
+        "643" to "MZ", "645" to "ZM", "646" to "MG", "647" to "RE",
+        "648" to "ZW", "649" to "NA", "650" to "MW", "651" to "LS",
+        "652" to "BW", "653" to "SZ", "654" to "KM", "655" to "ZA",
+        "657" to "ER", "659" to "SS", "702" to "BZ", "704" to "GT",
+        "706" to "SV", "708" to "HN", "710" to "NI", "712" to "CR",
+        "714" to "PA", "716" to "PE", "722" to "AR", "724" to "BR",
+        "730" to "CL", "732" to "CO", "734" to "VE", "736" to "BO",
+        "738" to "GY", "740" to "EC", "744" to "PY", "746" to "SR",
+        "748" to "UY",
+    )
 }
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/VerdictEngine.kt b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/VerdictEngine.kt
index 7277eb5..be96d4c 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/VerdictEngine.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/VerdictEngine.kt
@@ -77,14 +77,19 @@ object VerdictEngine {
                 it.description.contains("cell_country_ru:true") ||
                 it.description.contains("location_country_ru:true")
         }
+        val homeRoutedRoaming = locationSignals.locationFacts?.homeRoutedRoaming == true
         val geo = geoIp.geoFacts
+        // Home-routed roaming: foreign SIM on a Russian visited network
+        // legitimately exits via the SIM's home country. Treat the resulting
+        // geo mismatch as expected and never auto-detect bypass on geo alone.
+        val expectedRoamingExit = geo?.expectedRoamingExit == true || homeRoutedRoaming
         val geoAxisAvailable = geoCheckAvailable && geo?.fetchError != true
         val anyOtherSignal = directSigns.evidence.any { it.detected } ||
             indirectSigns.evidence.any { it.detected } ||
             ipConsensus.crossChannelMismatch ||
             ipConsensus.probeTargetDivergence ||
             ipConsensus.probeTargetDirectDivergence
-        if (locationConfirmsRussia && geo?.outsideRu == true) {
+        if (locationConfirmsRussia && geo?.outsideRu == true && !expectedRoamingExit) {
             return Verdict.DETECTED
         }
         if (locationConfirmsRussia &&
@@ -96,7 +101,7 @@ object VerdictEngine {
         }
 
         // R5 — 3-bit matrix (geo x direct x indirect)
-        val geoHit = geo?.outsideRu == true
+        val geoHit = geo?.outsideRu == true && !expectedRoamingExit
         val directHit = directSigns.evidence.any { it.detected && it.source in MATRIX_DIRECT_SOURCES }
         val indirectHit = indirectSigns.evidence.any { it.detected && it.source in MATRIX_INDIRECT_SOURCES } ||
             nativeSigns.evidence.any { it.detected && it.source in MATRIX_INDIRECT_SOURCES }
@@ -122,7 +127,7 @@ object VerdictEngine {
         val tunProbeReview = directSigns.evidence.any {
             it.source == EvidenceSource.TUN_ACTIVE_PROBE && !it.detected
         }
-        val locationSignalHit = locationSignals.detected
+        val locationSignalHit = locationSignals.detected && !expectedRoamingExit
         if (matrix == Verdict.NOT_DETECTED && (
                 bypassResult.needsReview ||
                     directSigns.needsReview ||
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/VpnCheckRunner.kt b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/VpnCheckRunner.kt
index 26d5f9d..59639d9 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/VpnCheckRunner.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/VpnCheckRunner.kt
@@ -9,12 +9,14 @@ import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.BypassResult
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.CdnPullingResult
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.CategoryResult
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.CheckResult
+import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.EvidenceConfidence
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.EvidenceSource
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.Finding
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.GeoIpFacts
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.IpCheckerGroupResult
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.IpComparisonResult
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.IpConsensusResult
+import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.LocationSignalsFacts
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.Verdict
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.network.DnsResolverConfig
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.probe.TunProbeModeOverride
@@ -240,6 +242,61 @@ object VpnCheckRunner {
         )
     }
 
+    private fun annotateExpectedRoamingExit(
+        geoIp: CategoryResult,
+        locationFacts: LocationSignalsFacts?,
+    ): CategoryResult {
+        val geoFacts = geoIp.geoFacts ?: return geoIp
+        if (locationFacts == null) return geoIp
+        if (!locationFacts.homeRoutedRoaming) return geoIp
+        val mcc = locationFacts.homeSimMcc ?: return geoIp
+        val profile = HomeNetworkCatalog.lookup(mcc, locationFacts.homeSimMnc) ?: return geoIp
+        val reason = HomeNetworkCatalog.matchExpectedExit(
+            profile = profile,
+            asn = geoFacts.asn,
+            isp = geoFacts.isp,
+            org = geoFacts.org,
+        ) ?: return geoIp
+        return geoIp.copy(
+            geoFacts = geoFacts.copy(
+                expectedRoamingExit = true,
+                expectedRoamingExitReason = reason,
+            ),
+        )
+    }
+
+    private fun relaxCdnPullingForHomeRoutedRoaming(result: CdnPullingResult): CdnPullingResult {
+        // Home-routed roaming legitimately exposes a foreign IP in CDN trace
+        // responses. The original detection still records it informationally,
+        // but it must not raise needsReview when the signal is fully explained
+        // by the SIM home network.
+        if (!result.detected && !result.needsReview) return result
+        return result.copy(
+            needsReview = false,
+            findings = result.findings.map { finding ->
+                if (finding.needsReview) finding.copy(needsReview = false) else finding
+            },
+        )
+    }
+
+    private fun relaxIcmpSpoofingForHomeRoutedRoaming(result: CategoryResult): CategoryResult {
+        // The ICMP-spoofing checker assumes a Russian egress; with home-routed
+        // roaming the egress is intentionally abroad, so blocked targets that
+        // reply via ICMP cannot be treated as suspicious.
+        if (!result.needsReview && result.evidence.none { it.detected }) return result
+        return result.copy(
+            needsReview = false,
+            evidence = result.evidence.map { item ->
+                if (item.source == EvidenceSource.ICMP_SPOOFING && item.detected) {
+                    item.copy(detected = false, confidence = EvidenceConfidence.LOW)
+                } else item
+            },
+            findings = result.findings.map { finding ->
+                if (finding.needsReview) finding.copy(needsReview = false) else finding
+            },
+        )
+    }
+
     suspend fun run(
         context: Context,
         settings: CheckSettings = CheckSettings(),
@@ -447,10 +504,10 @@ object VpnCheckRunner {
             detected = false,
         )
 
-        val geoIp = geoIpReadyDeferred?.await() ?: emptyGeoIpCategory
+        val rawGeoIp = geoIpReadyDeferred?.await() ?: emptyGeoIpCategory
         val ipComparison = ipComparisonReadyDeferred?.await() ?: emptyIpComparison
-        val cdnPulling = cdnPullingReadyDeferred?.await() ?: emptyCdnPulling
-        val icmpSpoofing = icmpSpoofingReadyDeferred?.await() ?: emptyIcmpSpoofing
+        val rawCdnPulling = cdnPullingReadyDeferred?.await() ?: emptyCdnPulling
+        val rawIcmpSpoofing = icmpSpoofingReadyDeferred?.await() ?: emptyIcmpSpoofing
         val rttTriangulation = rttTriangulationReadyDeferred?.await() ?: emptyRttTriangulation
         val directSigns = directReadyDeferred.await()
         val indirectSigns = indirectReadyDeferred.await()
@@ -459,6 +516,19 @@ object VpnCheckRunner {
         val bypassResult = bypassReadyDeferred?.await() ?: emptyBypass
         val tunProbeResult = tunActiveProbeDeferred?.await()
 
+        // Cross-checker reconciliation: when the SIM home network is foreign
+        // and the visited network is in Russia, the ISP-level egress will
+        // legitimately appear abroad. Try to confirm via ASN match against
+        // GeoIP to suppress false positives in CDN/ICMP/GeoIP categories.
+        val geoIp = annotateExpectedRoamingExit(rawGeoIp, locationSignals.locationFacts)
+        val homeRoutedRoaming = locationSignals.locationFacts?.homeRoutedRoaming == true
+        val cdnPulling = if (homeRoutedRoaming) {
+            relaxCdnPullingForHomeRoutedRoaming(rawCdnPulling)
+        } else rawCdnPulling
+        val icmpSpoofing = if (homeRoutedRoaming) {
+            relaxIcmpSpoofingForHomeRoutedRoaming(rawIcmpSpoofing)
+        } else rawIcmpSpoofing
+
         val ipConsensus = runCatching {
             IpConsensusBuilder.build(
                 geoIp = geoIp,
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/model/CheckResult.kt b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/model/CheckResult.kt
index 0049595..c6ee448 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/model/CheckResult.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/model/CheckResult.kt
@@ -8,10 +8,36 @@ data class GeoIpFacts(
     val ip: String? = null,
     val countryCode: String? = null,
     val asn: String? = null,
+    val asnCode: String? = null,
+    val isp: String? = null,
+    val org: String? = null,
     val outsideRu: Boolean = false,
     val hosting: Boolean = false,
     val proxyDb: Boolean = false,
     val fetchError: Boolean = false,
+    val expectedRoamingExit: Boolean = false,
+    val expectedRoamingExitReason: String? = null,
+)
+
+/**
+ * Structured signals from LocationSignalsChecker, used by VerdictEngine and the
+ * UI to recognise "home-routed roaming" — a foreign SIM connected via the
+ * Russian visited network whose data plane still exits via the home country.
+ */
+data class LocationSignalsFacts(
+    val networkMcc: String? = null,
+    val networkMnc: String? = null,
+    val networkCountryIso: String? = null,
+    val networkOperatorName: String? = null,
+    val networkIsRussia: Boolean = false,
+    val homeSimMcc: String? = null,
+    val homeSimMnc: String? = null,
+    val homeSimCountryIso: String? = null,
+    val homeSimCountryIsRussia: Boolean = false,
+    val homeSimOperatorName: String? = null,
+    val anySimReportedRoaming: Boolean = false,
+    val homeRoutedRoaming: Boolean = false,
+    val homeRoutedRoamingReason: String? = null,
 )
 
 enum class EvidenceConfidence {
@@ -39,6 +65,7 @@ enum class EvidenceSource {
     PROXY_TECHNICAL_SIGNAL,
     DUMPSYS,
     LOCATION_SIGNALS,
+    HOME_ROUTED_ROAMING,
     VPN_GATEWAY_LEAK,
     VPN_NETWORK_BINDING,
     TUN_ACTIVE_PROBE,
@@ -233,6 +260,7 @@ data class CategoryResult(
     val callTransportLeaks: List<CallTransportLeakResult> = emptyList(),
     val stunProbeGroups: List<StunProbeGroupResult> = emptyList(),
     val geoFacts: GeoIpFacts? = null,
+    val locationFacts: LocationSignalsFacts? = null,
 ) {
     val hasError: Boolean
         get() = findings.any { it.isError }
diff --git a/app/src/main/res/drawable/bg_verdict_home_routed_roaming_note.xml b/app/src/main/res/drawable/bg_verdict_home_routed_roaming_note.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab3bbb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/res/drawable/bg_verdict_home_routed_roaming_note.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
+    <solid android:color="?attr/colorSurfaceContainer" />
+    <stroke
+        android:width="1dp"
+        android:color="?attr/colorOutlineVariant" />
+    <corners android:radius="12dp" />
+</shape>
diff --git a/app/src/main/res/layout/activity_main.xml b/app/src/main/res/layout/activity_main.xml
index 8b22dd9..b4c8696 100644
--- a/app/src/main/res/layout/activity_main.xml
+++ b/app/src/main/res/layout/activity_main.xml
@@ -1730,6 +1730,16 @@
                             android:layout_width="match_parent"
                             android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
 
+                        <TextView
+                            android:id="@+id/textVerdictHomeRoutedRoamingNote"
+                            android:layout_width="match_parent"
+                            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+                            android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
+                            android:padding="10dp"
+                            android:textSize="13sp"
+                            android:visibility="gone"
+                            tools:visibility="visible" />
+
                         <View
                             android:id="@+id/verdictDetailsDivider"
                             android:layout_width="match_parent"
diff --git a/app/src/main/res/values-fa/strings.xml b/app/src/main/res/values-fa/strings.xml
index 6533550..d51b674 100644
--- a/app/src/main/res/values-fa/strings.xml
+++ b/app/src/main/res/values-fa/strings.xml
@@ -351,6 +351,12 @@
     <string name="narrative_reason_fallback_review">نشانه‌ها ناقص یا متناقض‌اند، بنابراین بررسی دستی لازم است.</string>
     <string name="narrative_reason_fallback_clean">هیچ نشانه تعیین‌کننده‌ای از دور زدن پیدا نشد.</string>
 
+    <string name="narrative_home_routed_roaming_confirmed">یک سیم‌کارت خارجی (%1$s، %2$s) از طریق شبکه میزبان روسیه متصل است. آی‌پی عمومی متعلق به ASN اپراتور خانگی است؛ این یک رومینگ معمول از مسیر خانگی است و نه دور زدن.</string>
+    <string name="narrative_home_routed_roaming_confirmed_country">یک سیم‌کارت خارجی (%1$s) از طریق شبکه میزبان روسیه متصل است. آی‌پی عمومی متعلق به ASN اپراتور خانگی است؛ این یک رومینگ معمول از مسیر خانگی است و نه دور زدن.</string>
+    <string name="narrative_home_routed_roaming_likely">یک سیم‌کارت خارجی (%1$s، %2$s) از طریق شبکه میزبان روسیه متصل است. به‌احتمال زیاد جلسه داده در کشور خانگی خروج پیدا می‌کند؛ این سناریوی مشروع شبیه دور زدن به نظر می‌رسد.</string>
+    <string name="narrative_home_routed_roaming_likely_country">یک سیم‌کارت خارجی (%1$s) از طریق شبکه میزبان روسیه متصل است. به‌احتمال زیاد جلسه داده در کشور خانگی خروج پیدا می‌کند؛ این سناریوی مشروع شبیه دور زدن به نظر می‌رسد.</string>
+    <string name="narrative_home_routed_roaming_generic">یک سیم‌کارت خارجی از طریق شبکه میزبان روسیه متصل است. ممکن است جلسه داده به‌طور قانونی در خارج خروج پیدا کند (رومینگ از مسیر خانگی).</string>
+
     <string name="checker_yes">بله</string>
     <string name="checker_no">خیر</string>
     <string name="checker_proxy_owner_suffix"> (مالک: %1$s)</string>
diff --git a/app/src/main/res/values-ru/strings.xml b/app/src/main/res/values-ru/strings.xml
index ca9ce3d..7e0e92a 100644
--- a/app/src/main/res/values-ru/strings.xml
+++ b/app/src/main/res/values-ru/strings.xml
@@ -327,6 +327,12 @@
     <string name="narrative_reason_fallback_review">Сигналы частичные или противоречивые, поэтому нужен ручной разбор.</string>
     <string name="narrative_reason_fallback_clean">Решающие сигналы обхода не найдены.</string>
 
+    <string name="narrative_home_routed_roaming_confirmed">Иностранная SIM (%1$s, %2$s) подключена в гостевую российскую сеть. Внешний IP принадлежит ASN домашнего оператора — это штатный home-routed роуминг, а не обход.</string>
+    <string name="narrative_home_routed_roaming_confirmed_country">Иностранная SIM (%1$s) подключена в гостевую российскую сеть. Внешний IP принадлежит ASN домашнего оператора — это штатный home-routed роуминг, а не обход.</string>
+    <string name="narrative_home_routed_roaming_likely">Иностранная SIM (%1$s, %2$s) подключена в гостевую российскую сеть. Скорее всего, дата-сессия выходит в интернет в домашней стране — это легитимный сценарий, который выглядит как обход.</string>
+    <string name="narrative_home_routed_roaming_likely_country">Иностранная SIM (%1$s) подключена в гостевую российскую сеть. Скорее всего, дата-сессия выходит в интернет в домашней стране — это легитимный сценарий, который выглядит как обход.</string>
+    <string name="narrative_home_routed_roaming_generic">Иностранная SIM подключена в гостевую российскую сеть. Дата-сессия может законно выходить в интернет за рубежом (home-routed роуминг).</string>
+
     <!-- Checker strings -->
     <string name="checker_yes">да</string>
     <string name="checker_no">нет</string>
diff --git a/app/src/main/res/values-zh-rCN/strings.xml b/app/src/main/res/values-zh-rCN/strings.xml
index 8a02337..63a03bb 100644
--- a/app/src/main/res/values-zh-rCN/strings.xml
+++ b/app/src/main/res/values-zh-rCN/strings.xml
@@ -350,6 +350,12 @@
     <string name="narrative_reason_fallback_review">信号不完整或相互矛盾，因此需要人工复核。</string>
     <string name="narrative_reason_fallback_clean">未发现决定性的绕过迹象。</string>
 
+    <string name="narrative_home_routed_roaming_confirmed">外国 SIM（%1$s，%2$s）通过俄罗斯访问网络接入。公网 IP 属于归属运营商的 ASN，这是正常的归属路由漫游，并非绕过。</string>
+    <string name="narrative_home_routed_roaming_confirmed_country">外国 SIM（%1$s）通过俄罗斯访问网络接入。公网 IP 属于归属运营商的 ASN，这是正常的归属路由漫游，并非绕过。</string>
+    <string name="narrative_home_routed_roaming_likely">外国 SIM（%1$s，%2$s）通过俄罗斯访问网络接入。数据会话很可能在归属国出口，这种合法情景看起来像绕过。</string>
+    <string name="narrative_home_routed_roaming_likely_country">外国 SIM（%1$s）通过俄罗斯访问网络接入。数据会话很可能在归属国出口，这种合法情景看起来像绕过。</string>
+    <string name="narrative_home_routed_roaming_generic">外国 SIM 通过俄罗斯访问网络接入。数据会话可能合法地在境外出口（归属路由漫游）。</string>
+
     <string name="checker_yes">是</string>
     <string name="checker_no">否</string>
     <string name="checker_proxy_owner_suffix">（所有者：%1$s）</string>
diff --git a/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml b/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml
index 42ac654..29f2bb5 100644
--- a/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml
+++ b/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml
@@ -324,6 +324,12 @@
     <string name="narrative_reason_fallback_review">Signals are partial or contradictory, so manual review is needed.</string>
     <string name="narrative_reason_fallback_clean">No decisive bypass signals were found.</string>
 
+    <string name="narrative_home_routed_roaming_confirmed">A foreign SIM (%1$s, %2$s) is connected via a Russian visited network. The public IP belongs to the home operator\'s ASN, which is normal home-routed roaming and not a bypass.</string>
+    <string name="narrative_home_routed_roaming_confirmed_country">A foreign SIM (%1$s) is connected via a Russian visited network. The public IP belongs to the home operator\'s ASN, which is normal home-routed roaming and not a bypass.</string>
+    <string name="narrative_home_routed_roaming_likely">A foreign SIM (%1$s, %2$s) is connected via a Russian visited network. The data session likely exits via the home country, which can look like a bypass.</string>
+    <string name="narrative_home_routed_roaming_likely_country">A foreign SIM (%1$s) is connected via a Russian visited network. The data session likely exits via the home country, which can look like a bypass.</string>
+    <string name="narrative_home_routed_roaming_generic">A foreign SIM is connected via a Russian visited network. The data session may legitimately exit abroad (home-routed roaming).</string>
+
     <!-- Checker strings -->
     <string name="checker_yes">yes</string>
     <string name="checker_no">no</string>
diff --git a/app/src/test/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/BypassCheckerTest.kt b/app/src/test/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/BypassCheckerTest.kt
index d468f77..04ac698 100644
--- a/app/src/test/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/BypassCheckerTest.kt
+++ b/app/src/test/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/BypassCheckerTest.kt
@@ -596,13 +596,18 @@ class BypassCheckerTest {
         assertEquals(LocalProxyCheckStatus.AUTH_REQUIRED, evaluation.proxyChecks.single().status)
         assertTrue(BypassChecker.proxyChecksNeedReview(evaluation.proxyChecks))
         assertFalse(evidence.any { it.source == EvidenceSource.SPLIT_TUNNEL_BYPASS && it.detected })
+        // AUTH_REQUIRED + UNRESOLVED owner is downgraded to informational so
+        // the verdict isn't inflated by an unattributable listener that we
+        // cannot probe further.
         assertTrue(
             findings.any {
                 it.source == EvidenceSource.LOCAL_PROXY &&
-                    it.needsReview &&
+                    it.isInformational &&
+                    !it.needsReview &&
                     !it.detected
             },
         )
+        assertFalse(evidence.any { it.source == EvidenceSource.LOCAL_PROXY })
     }
 
     @Test
diff --git a/app/src/test/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/CdnPullingCheckerTest.kt b/app/src/test/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/CdnPullingCheckerTest.kt
index fe683ee..b955493 100644
--- a/app/src/test/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/CdnPullingCheckerTest.kt
+++ b/app/src/test/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/CdnPullingCheckerTest.kt
@@ -124,7 +124,8 @@ class CdnPullingCheckerTest {
         )
 
         assertTrue(result.detected)
-        assertTrue(result.needsReview)
+        // No IP conflict — partial trace data alone is informational.
+        assertFalse(result.needsReview)
         assertEquals(
             context.getString(R.string.checker_cdn_pulling_summary_detected_no_ip, 2, 2),
             result.summary,
@@ -132,6 +133,32 @@ class CdnPullingCheckerTest {
         assertTrue(result.findings.any { it.description == "meduza.io: IP: 203.0.113.64, LOC: FI" })
     }
 
+    @Test
+    fun `evaluate raises review when actionable IPs disagree`() {
+        val result = CdnPullingChecker.evaluate(
+            context = context,
+            responses = listOf(
+                CdnPullingResponse(
+                    targetLabel = "meduza.io",
+                    url = "https://meduza.io/cdn-cgi/trace",
+                    ip = "203.0.113.64",
+                    ipv4 = "203.0.113.64",
+                    importantFields = linkedMapOf("IP" to "203.0.113.64"),
+                ),
+                CdnPullingResponse(
+                    targetLabel = "redirector.googlevideo.com",
+                    url = "https://redirector.googlevideo.com/report_mapping?di=no",
+                    ip = "198.51.100.42",
+                    ipv4 = "198.51.100.42",
+                    importantFields = linkedMapOf("IP" to "198.51.100.42"),
+                ),
+            ),
+        )
+
+        assertTrue(result.detected)
+        assertTrue(result.needsReview)
+    }
+
     @Test
     fun `fetchBodyWithRetries retries transient failures and returns success`() = runBlocking {
         var attempts = 0
diff --git a/app/src/test/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/LocationSignalsCheckerTest.kt b/app/src/test/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/LocationSignalsCheckerTest.kt
index d04612d..8394efd 100644
--- a/app/src/test/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/LocationSignalsCheckerTest.kt
+++ b/app/src/test/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/LocationSignalsCheckerTest.kt
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.EvidenceConfidence
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.EvidenceSource
 import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
 import org.junit.Assert.assertFalse
+import org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull
 import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
 import org.junit.Test
 
@@ -375,8 +376,11 @@ class LocationSignalsCheckerTest {
                 networkCountryIso = "gr",
                 networkOperatorName = "Cosmote",
                 simCards = listOf(
-                    sim(slotIndex = 0, subscriptionId = 1, simMcc = "250", simCountryIso = "ru", operatorName = "MegaFon", isRoaming = false),
-                    sim(slotIndex = 1, subscriptionId = 2, simMcc = "202", simCountryIso = "gr", operatorName = "Cosmote", isRoaming = false),
+                    // Home SIM is foreign (GR) and matches the visited (GR) network — no
+                    // Russian SIM means we cannot blame the geo signal on home-routed
+                    // roaming, so confidence stays at MEDIUM.
+                    sim(slotIndex = 0, subscriptionId = 1, simMcc = "202", simCountryIso = "gr", operatorName = "Cosmote", isRoaming = false),
+                    sim(slotIndex = 1, subscriptionId = 2, simMcc = "208", simCountryIso = "fr", operatorName = "Orange", isRoaming = false),
                 ),
             ),
         )
@@ -413,6 +417,39 @@ class LocationSignalsCheckerTest {
         )
     }
 
+    @Test
+    fun `foreign sim on russian visited network is flagged as home-routed roaming`() {
+        val result = LocationSignalsChecker.evaluate(
+            snapshot(
+                networkMcc = "250",
+                networkCountryIso = "ru",
+                networkOperatorName = "MegaFon",
+                simCards = listOf(
+                    sim(
+                        slotIndex = 0,
+                        subscriptionId = 1,
+                        simMcc = "208",
+                        simCountryIso = "fr",
+                        operatorName = "Free Mobile",
+                        isRoaming = false,
+                    ),
+                ),
+            ),
+        )
+
+        assertFalse(result.needsReview)
+        assertFalse(result.detected)
+        assertNotNull(result.locationFacts)
+        assertTrue(result.locationFacts!!.homeRoutedRoaming)
+        assertEquals("208", result.locationFacts!!.homeSimMcc)
+        assertEquals("FR", result.locationFacts!!.homeSimCountryIso)
+        assertTrue(result.findings.any { it.description.startsWith("home_routed_roaming:true") })
+        assertTrue(result.evidence.any { it.source == EvidenceSource.HOME_ROUTED_ROAMING })
+        // SIM-MCC mismatch flips the displayed roaming state to "yes" even when
+        // telephony reported it as "no" (the bug from issue #63).
+        assertTrue(result.findings.any { it.description == "SIM[0] Roaming: yes" })
+    }
+
     @Test
     fun `empty sim cards list produces no sim findings and medium confidence for non-ru network`() {
         val result = LocationSignalsChecker.evaluate(
diff --git a/app/src/test/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/VerdictEngineTest.kt b/app/src/test/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/VerdictEngineTest.kt
index 29d30fe..a1e451b 100644
--- a/app/src/test/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/VerdictEngineTest.kt
+++ b/app/src/test/java/com/notcvnt/rknhardering/checker/VerdictEngineTest.kt
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.EvidenceSource
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.Finding
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.GeoIpFacts
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.IpConsensusResult
+import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.LocationSignalsFacts
 import com.notcvnt.rknhardering.model.Verdict
 import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
 import org.junit.Test
@@ -167,6 +168,69 @@ class VerdictEngineTest {
         assertEquals(Verdict.DETECTED, verdict)
     }
 
+    @Test
+    fun `home-routed roaming with foreign sim suppresses R4 detect`() {
+        val geo = category(
+            geoFacts = GeoIpFacts(
+                outsideRu = true,
+                countryCode = "FR",
+                expectedRoamingExit = true,
+            ),
+        )
+        val location = CategoryResult(
+            name = "loc",
+            detected = false,
+            findings = listOf(Finding("network_mcc_ru:true")),
+            locationFacts = LocationSignalsFacts(
+                networkMcc = "250",
+                networkIsRussia = true,
+                homeSimMcc = "208",
+                homeSimCountryIso = "FR",
+                homeRoutedRoaming = true,
+            ),
+        )
+        val verdict = VerdictEngine.evaluate(
+            geoIp = geo,
+            directSigns = category(),
+            indirectSigns = category(),
+            locationSignals = location,
+            bypassResult = bypass(),
+            ipConsensus = IpConsensusResult.empty(),
+        )
+        // Should fall through to NOT_DETECTED — this is the issue #63 case.
+        assertEquals(Verdict.NOT_DETECTED, verdict)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `home-routed roaming without ASN match still suppresses verdict`() {
+        // Even without GeoIP ASN confirmation, the home-routed-roaming flag
+        // alone is enough to gate R4 — the fallback for unknown carriers.
+        val geo = category(
+            geoFacts = GeoIpFacts(outsideRu = true, countryCode = "FR"),
+        )
+        val location = CategoryResult(
+            name = "loc",
+            detected = false,
+            findings = listOf(Finding("network_mcc_ru:true")),
+            locationFacts = LocationSignalsFacts(
+                networkMcc = "250",
+                networkIsRussia = true,
+                homeSimMcc = "208",
+                homeSimCountryIso = "FR",
+                homeRoutedRoaming = true,
+            ),
+        )
+        val verdict = VerdictEngine.evaluate(
+            geoIp = geo,
+            directSigns = category(),
+            indirectSigns = category(),
+            locationSignals = location,
+            bypassResult = bypass(),
+            ipConsensus = IpConsensusResult.empty(),
+        )
+        assertEquals(Verdict.NOT_DETECTED, verdict)
+    }
+
     @Test
     fun `R4 regression issue 15 hosting only yields needs review`() {
         val geo = category(
@@ -519,14 +583,17 @@ class VerdictEngineTest {
         needsReview: Boolean = false,
         callTransportLeaks: List<CallTransportLeakResult> = emptyList(),
         geoFacts: GeoIpFacts? = null,
+        findings: List<Finding> = emptyList(),
+        locationFacts: LocationSignalsFacts? = null,
     ): CategoryResult = CategoryResult(
         name = "test",
         detected = evidence.any { it.detected },
-        findings = emptyList(),
+        findings = findings,
         needsReview = needsReview,
         evidence = evidence,
         callTransportLeaks = callTransportLeaks,
         geoFacts = geoFacts,
+        locationFacts = locationFacts,
     )
 
     private fun bypass(
diff --git a/fastlane/metadata/android/en-US/changelogs/20701.txt b/fastlane/metadata/android/en-US/changelogs/20701.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..15506fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fastlane/metadata/android/en-US/changelogs/20701.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Fixed false-positive verdict for foreign SIM roaming in Russia (issue #63): home-routed roaming is now recognised by MCC and the home operator's ASN.
+Added an explanatory banner to the verdict card when home-routed roaming is detected.
+Fixed roaming status heuristic: "Roaming: yes" is now shown when SIM MCC mismatches network MCC, even if telephony reported "no".
+Fixed SIM country label: foreign SIMs on a Russian visited network no longer show as RU.
+CDN pulling no longer flags "needs review" when all targets returned the same IP.
+Local SOCKS5 endpoints requiring auth with no resolved owner no longer inflate the verdict.
+JSON export now includes roaming diagnostics and richer GeoIP facts (ASN code, ISP, organisation).
+More information in data export.
diff --git a/fastlane/metadata/android/fa/changelogs/20701.txt b/fastlane/metadata/android/fa/changelogs/20701.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a530d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fastlane/metadata/android/fa/changelogs/20701.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+رفع نتیجه مثبت کاذب در رومینگ سیم‌کارت خارجی در روسیه (issue #63): رومینگ از مسیر خانگی اکنون بر اساس MCC و ASN اپراتور خانگی شناسایی می‌شود.
+در کارت حکم هنگام تشخیص رومینگ از مسیر خانگی یک پیام توضیحی افزوده شد.
+رفع منطق وضعیت رومینگ: اکنون وقتی MCC سیم با MCC شبکه ناهمخوان باشد «Roaming: yes» نمایش داده می‌شود، حتی اگر تلفن «no» گزارش کند.
+رفع برچسب کشور سیم: سیم‌های خارجی در شبکه میزبان روسیه دیگر به‌عنوان RU نمایش داده نمی‌شوند.
+وقتی همه اهداف CDN یک IP یکسان برگردانند، CDN pulling دیگر با «نیاز به بررسی» علامت نمی‌خورد.
+نقاط پایانی SOCKS5 محلی نیازمند احراز هویت بدون مالک شناسایی‌شده دیگر حکم را بزرگ‌نمایی نمی‌کنند.
+خروجی JSON اکنون شامل تشخیص رومینگ و اطلاعات بیشتر GeoIP (کد ASN، ISP، سازمان) است.
+اطلاعات بیشتر در خروجی داده.
diff --git a/fastlane/metadata/android/ru-RU/changelogs/20701.txt b/fastlane/metadata/android/ru-RU/changelogs/20701.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..46962f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fastlane/metadata/android/ru-RU/changelogs/20701.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Исправлено ложноположительное срабатывание при роуминге иностранной SIM в России (issue #63): home-routed роуминг теперь распознаётся по MCC и ASN домашнего оператора.
+В карточку вердикта добавлен пояснительный баннер при home-routed роуминге.
+Исправлена эвристика статуса роуминга: «Roaming: yes» теперь показывается, когда MCC SIM не совпадает с MCC сети, даже если телефония вернула «no».
+Исправлена страна SIM в отчёте: больше не показывается RU для иностранных SIM в российской сети.
+CDN pulling больше не помечается «требует проверки», когда все цели вернули один и тот же IP.
+Локальные SOCKS5 с обязательной авторизацией без определённого владельца больше не раздувают вердикт.
+В JSON-экспорт добавлена диагностика роуминга и расширены геофакты (ASN-код, ISP, организация).
+Больше информации в экспорте данных.
diff --git a/fastlane/metadata/android/zh-CN/changelogs/20701.txt b/fastlane/metadata/android/zh-CN/changelogs/20701.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a3b11e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fastlane/metadata/android/zh-CN/changelogs/20701.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+修复在俄罗斯境内使用外国 SIM 漫游时的误报（issue #63）：现在通过 MCC 和归属运营商 ASN 识别归属路由漫游。
+当检测到归属路由漫游时，在裁决卡片中添加说明性提示。
+修复漫游状态判定：当 SIM MCC 与网络 MCC 不一致时，即使电话子系统返回 "no"，也会显示 "Roaming: yes"。
+修复 SIM 国家标签：在俄罗斯访问网络下的外国 SIM 不再显示为 RU。
+当所有 CDN 目标返回相同 IP 时，CDN pulling 不再标记为 "需要复核"。
+需要鉴权且无法解析所有者的本地 SOCKS5 端点不再夸大裁决。
+JSON 导出新增漫游诊断及更丰富的 GeoIP 信息（ASN 代码、ISP、组织）。
+数据导出包含更多信息。